On smooth extensions of vector-valued functions defined on closed subsets of Banach spaces (Q2377370): Difference between revisions

Suppose \(X\) and \(Z\) are Banach spaces, \(A\) is a closed subset of \(X\), \(f\) is a mapping from \(A\) to \(Z\). Under what conditions does there exist a \(C^1\) smooth mapping \(F : X \to Z\) such that \(F|_A=f\)? This question for real-valued functions (that is \(Z=\mathbb R\)) was studied by \textit{D. Azagra} et al. (Math. Ann. 347, No. 2, 285--297 (2010; Zbl 1193.46025); erratum ibid. 350, No. 2, 497--500 (2011; Zbl 1228.46040)] and by \textit{M. Jiménez-Sevilla} and \textit{L. Sánchez-González} [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 378, No. 1, 173--183 (2011; Zbl 1236.46070)]. The following two notions play a crucial role in the paper under review. Definition 1.1. We say that the mapping \(f : A \to Z\) satisfies the mean value condition if there exists a continuous map \(D : A \to L(X, Z)\) such that for every \(y \in A\) and every \(\varepsilon > 0\), there is an open ball \(B(y, r)\) in \(X\) such that \(\| f(z) - f(w)- D(y)(z - w)\| \leq \varepsilon\|z - w\|\) for every \(z,w \in A \cap B(y, r )\). In this case, we say that \(f\) satisfies the mean value condition on \(A\) for the map \(D\). We say that the mapping \(f : A \to Z\) satisfies the mean value condition for a bounded map if it satisfies the mean value condition for a bounded and continuous map \(D : A \to L(X, Z)\). Definition 1.2. The pair of Banach spaces \((X, Z)\) has property (*) if there is a constant \(C_0 \geq 1\), which depends only on \(X\) and \(Z\), such that for every subset \(A \subset X\), every Lipschitz mapping \(f : A \to Z\) and every \(\varepsilon > 0\), there is a \(C^1\) smooth and Lipschitz mapping \(g : X \to Z\) such that \(\|f (x)-g(x)\|<\varepsilon\) for all \(x\in A\) and \(\text{Lip}(g)\leq C_0 \text{Lip}(f)\). The main results of the paper are the following two theorems. (In both theorems \((X, Z)\) is a pair of Banach spaces with property (*), \(A\) is a closed subset of \(X\) and \(f : A \to Z\) is a mapping.) Theorem 1. The mapping \(f\) satisfies the mean value condition if and only if there is a \(C^1\) smooth extension \(G\) of \(f\) to \(X\). Theorem 2. The mapping \(f\) is Lipschitz and satisfies the mean value condition for a bounded map if and only if there is a \(C^1\) smooth and Lipschitz extension \(G\) of \(f\) to \(X\). As a corollary, the equivalence between the mean value condition on the one hand and the existence of a smooth extension on the other hand is obtained, in particular, for the following cases: (i) \(X\) is finite dimensional, (ii) \(X\) and \(Z\) are Hilbert spaces and \(X\) is separable, (iii) \(X = L_2\) and \(Z=L_p\) with \(1 < p < 2\), (iv) \(X = L_p\) and \(Z=L_2\) with \(2 < p < \infty\). Extensions of \(C^1\) smooth mappings defined on subspaces are also considered.