An elementary evaluation of an intriguing integral via Fourier series (Q2250864): Difference between revisions

The authors give a real variable proof of an equality recently proved in an elementary way by \textit{D. Borwein} and \textit{J. Borwein} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 123, No. 4, 1191--1198 (1995; Zbl 0840.11036)]. The latter used complex analysis to show that \[ \int_0^{\infty} t^2\left(\ln \left(2\cos\frac{t}{2}\right)\right)^2 \, dt = \frac{11 \pi^5}{180}. \] The authors rely on the two Fourier series \[ f(t)=\sum_{k= 1}^{\infty}\frac{\cos kt}{k} = -\ln ( 2 \sin \frac{t}{2}),\quad g(t) = \sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \frac{\sin kt}{k}=\frac{\pi-t}{2},\qquad 0 < t \leq \pi, \] Jordan's theorem, and repeated uses of Parseval's identity to prove the equality.