A lower bound for the exponent of convergence of normal subgroups of Kleinian groups (Q2256834): Difference between revisions

Given a Kleinian group \(\Gamma\), its Poincaré series is \(P(\Gamma,s) = \sum_{\gamma \in \Gamma} e^{-sd(0,\gamma(0))}\) for \(s\in \mathbb{R}\), where \(d\) is the hyperbolic metric. The exponent of convergence \(\delta(\Gamma)\) is defined by \(\inf \{ s\geq 0 : P(\gamma,s) <\infty \}\) and measures the complexity of \(\Gamma\) at the boundary at infinity in hyperbolic space. For example, \(\delta(\Gamma)\) equals the Hausdorff dimension of the radial limit set of \(\Gamma\) by a result of \textit{C. J. Bishop} and \textit{P. W. Jones} [Acta Math. 179, No. 1, 1--39 (1997; Zbl 0921.30032)]. The paper under review gives a new proof of the following result (see the work of \textit{K. Falk} and \textit{B. O. Stratmann} [Tohoku Math. J. (2) 56, No. 4, 571--582 (2004; Zbl 1069.30070)] and \textit{T. Roblin} [Isr. J. Math. 147, 333--357 (2005; Zbl 1274.37017)]): if \(\widehat{\Gamma}\) is a non-trivial normal subgroup of a non-elementary Kleinian group \(\Gamma\), then \(\delta (\widehat{\Gamma}) \geq \delta(\Gamma)/2\) with strict inequality if \(\Gamma\) is of divergence type, that is, if \(P(\Gamma, \delta(\Gamma))\) diverges. The novel step in this paper is the proof of the existence of a finite-to-one map from a factor of \(\Gamma\) to \(\widehat{\Gamma}\), with the remainder of the proof using hyperbolic geometry. Further, the author gives conditions on the existence of a one-to-one map \(\Gamma \to \widehat{\Gamma}\), which may be of independent interest. Finally, the author also indicates how the methods used in the paper may be extended to more general situations, such as CAT(-1) spaces and Gromov hyperbolic groups.