Monk's rule and Giambelli's formula for Peterson varieties of all Lie types (Q2264037): Difference between revisions

Each cohomology ring of a Grassmannian or flag variety has a basis of Schubert classes indexed by the elements of the corresponding Weyl group. Classical Schubert calculus computes the cohomology rings of Grassmannians and flag varieties in terms of the Schubert classes. This paper is ``doing Schubert calculus'' in the equivariant cohomology rings of Peterson varieties. The Peterson variety is a subvariety of the flag variety \(G/B\) parameterized by a linear subspace \(H_{\mathrm{Pet}} \subseteq \mathfrak g\) and a regular nilpotent operator \(N_0 \in \mathfrak g\). We can define the Peterson variety as \[ \mathrm{Pet}=\{gB\in G\backslash B:\mathrm{Ad}(g^{-1})N_0 \in H_{\mathrm{Pet}}\}. \] Peterson varieties were introduced by Peterson in the 1990s. Peterson constructed the small quantum cohomology of partial flag varieties from what are now Peterson varieties. \textit{B. Kostant} [Sel. Math., New Ser. 2, No. 1, 43--91 (1996; Zbl 0868.14024)] used Peterson varieties to describe the quantum cohomology of the flag manifold and \textit{K. Rietsch} [Nagoya Math. J. 183, 105--142 (2006; Zbl 1111.14048)] gave the totally non-negative part of type A Peterson varieties. \textit{E. Insko} and \textit{A. Yong} [Transform. Groups 17, No. 4, 1011--1036 (2012; Zbl 1267.14066)] explicitly identified the singular locus of type A Peterson varieties and intersected them with Schubert varieties. \textit{M. Harada} and \textit{J. Tymoczko} [Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (3) 103, No. 1, 40--72 (2011; Zbl 1219.14065)] proved that there is a circle action \(\mathbb S^1\) which preserves Peterson varieties. In this paper the authors study the equivariant cohomology of the Peterson variety with respect to this action and also they use GKM theory as a model for studying equivariant cohomology, but Peterson varieties are not GKM spaces under the action of \(\mathbb S^1\). Using work by Harada and Tymoczko [Zbl 1219.14065] and \textit{M. Precup} [Sel. Math., New Ser. 19, No. 4, 903--922 (2013; Zbl 1292.14032)], they construct a basis for the \(\mathbb S^1\)-equivariant cohomology of Peterson varieties in all Lie types. This construction gives a set of classes which we call Peterson Schubert classes. The name indicates that the classes are projections of Schubert classes, they do not satisfy all the classical properties of Schubert classes. Classical Schubert calculus asks how to multiply Schubert classes; here, the authors asks how to multiply in the basis of Peterson Schubert classes. She gives a Monk's formula for multiplying a ring generator and a module generator, and a Giambelli's formula for expressing any Peterson Schubert class in the basis in terms of the ring generators.