Sharp inequalities over the unit polydisc (Q2344316): Difference between revisions

Given a positive integer \(n\), the unit polydisc \(U^n\) in \({\mathbb C}^n\) is the Cartesian product of \(n\) copies of the unit disc \(U\). For \(0<p<\infty\), let \(H^p(U^n)\) be the classical Hardy space over \(U^n\) with ``norm'' \(||\cdot||_p\). For a positive measurable function \(g\) on \(U\), let \(d\mu:= gdA\), where \(A\) is the area measure on \(U\), and put \(\nu_n := \mu\times \cdots\times \mu\) (\(n\) times). Given a positive integer \(m\), let \(\Phi: {\mathbb R}_+^m \to {\mathbb R}_+\) (\({\mathbb R}_+\) denotes the set of all nonnegative real numbers) be continuous and strictly increasing in each variable separately, and moreover assume that \(\Phi(x_1, \dots, x_j, \dots, x_m)=0\) if \(x_j=0\) for some \(j\). Suppose that \(\Phi\) and \(\nu_n\) satisfy the following condition: {\parindent=6mm \begin{itemize} \item[(\(\dag\))] There are positive real numbers \(\tilde p_1, \dots, \tilde p_m\) such that \[ \int_{U^n} \Phi\big(|f_1|^{\tilde p_1}, \dots, |f_m|^{\tilde p_m}\big)\, d\nu_n \leq \Phi \big(||f_1||_{\tilde p_1}^{\tilde p_1}, \dots, ||f_1||_{\tilde p_m}^{\tilde p_m}\big) \] for all \(f_j\in H^{\tilde p_j}(U^n)\), \(j=1, \dots, m\), where the equality holds if and only if either \item [(i)] \(f_j\equiv 0\) for some \(j\) or \item [(ii)] each \(f_j\) (\(j=1, \dots, m\)) is nontrivial and equal to \(\Psi_j^n\), where \((\dots, \Psi_j^n, \dots)\) belongs to a class denoted by \({\mathcal E} (\Phi, \nu_n)\). \end{itemize}} Condition \((\dagger)\) is motivated by an inequality due to \textit{J. Burbea} [Ill. J. Math. 31, 248--264 (1987; Zbl 0614.32003)] for the case \(\Phi(x_1, \dots, x_m) = x_1 \cdots x_m\) and \(\tilde p_1 = \dots = \tilde p_m = 2\). The main theorem of the paper is the following: Suppose that \((\dagger)\) holds for \(\Phi\) and \(\nu_n\). Then \[ \int_{U^n} \Phi\big(|f_1|^{p_1}, \dots, |f_m|^{p_m}\big)\, d\nu_n \leq \Phi \big(||f_1||_{p_1}^{p_1}, \dots, ||f_1||_{p_m}^{p_m}\big) \] for all \(f_j\in H^{p_j}(U^n)\) with \(0<p_j<\infty\) \((j=1, \dots, m)\). Moreover, (a) each extremal function \(\Psi_j^n\) in (ii) vanishes nowhere on \(U^n\) and (b) equality is attained in the above inequality if and only if either some \(f_j\equiv 0\) or each \(f_j\) is of the form \((\Psi_j^n)^{\tilde p_j / p_j}\) for some \((\dots, \Psi_j^n, \dots)\in {\mathcal E} (\Phi, \nu_n)\). For the proof, the author begins with the one-dimensional case which is rather easy by means of the Riesz factorization theorem. Such one-dimensional proof certainly does not extend to the setting of higher-dimensional polydiscs, except for some special cases mentioned in Section 3 of the paper. To overcome such difficulty the author introduces and studies the logarithmically subharmonic Hardy space over \(U^n\).