Iterative functional equations related to a competition equation (Q2350264): Difference between revisions

The authors generalize results obtained by \textit{P. Kahlig} [Appl. Math. 39, No. 3, 293--303 (2012; Zbl 1258.39013)]. They consider the following equations: \[ f\left(\frac{2x}{1-x^2}\right)=\frac{2f(x)}{1+\left[f(x)\right]^2}, \quad x\in (-1,1), \tag{1} \] \[ f\left(\frac{3x-x^3}{1-3x^2}\right)=\frac{3f(x)+\left[f(x)\right]^3}{1+3\left[f(x)\right]^2}, \quad x\in \left(-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}},\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right),\tag{2} \] \[ f\left(\frac{4x-4x^3}{1-6x^2+x^4}\right)=\frac{4f(x)+4\left[f(x)\right]^3}{1+6\left[f(x)\right]^2+\left[f(x)\right]^4}, \quad x\in \left(-(\sqrt{2}-1),\sqrt{2}-1\right). \tag{3} \] Assuming that a function \(f:{\mathbb R}\rightarrow {\mathbb R}\) is differentiable at 0, the authors prove that \(f\) satisfies (1) if and only if there is a real \(p\) such that \(f=\tanh \circ(p\tan ^{-1})\). They obtain analogous results for equations (2) and (3), assuming additionally that \(f(0)=0\).