Classes of functions of multi-valued logic closed with respect to superposition and inversion operations (Q2399400): Difference between revisions

As a review we quote part of the introduction, since it describes the content of the paper in a suitable and concise way. ``The paper relates to the theory of functional systems. Closed classes of functions of \(k\)-valued logic are studied, see [\textit{D. Lau}, Function algebras on finite sets. A basic course on many-valued logic and clone theory. Berlin: Springer (2006; Zbl 1105.08001)]. It is known that the family of closed classes of Boolean functions is countable (see [\textit{E. L. Post}, Am. J. Math. 43, 163--185 (1921; JFM 48.1122.01); The two-valued iterative systems of mathematical logic. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press (1941; Zbl 0063.06326)]) and the cardinality of the family of closed classes of \(k\)-valued logic is the continuum for \(k\geq 3\) (see [\textit{Yu. I. Yanov} and \textit{A. A. Muchnik}, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 127, 44--46 (1959; Zbl 0100.01001)]). The studies related to description of closed classes of functions of \(k\)-valued logic can be divided into two categories. The first one relates to the description of some specific fragments of the lattice of closed classes and to the study of properties of the classes from these fragments. For example, the description of all precomplete classes is known, see [\textit{I. Rosenberg}, C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris 260, 3817--3819 (1965; Zbl 0144.01002); \textit{S. V. Yablonskij} et al., Предполные классы в многозначных логиках (Russian). Moskva: Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo Ehnergeticheskogo Instituta (1997; Zbl 0898.03010)]. Some results concerning minimal classes and minimal clones were given in [Lau, loc. cit.]. A more detailed description of the results obtained in this direction can be found in [Lau, loc. cit.]; Post, JFM 48.1122.01, loc. cit.]. The second direction consists in the consideration of different reinforcements of the operation of superposition permitting one to obtain a ``more simple'' lattice of functional classes closed with respect to these new operations. For example, \(S\)-closing operators studied in [\textit{S. S. Marchenkov}, Discrete Math. Appl. 7, No. 4, 353--381 (1997; Zbl 0964.03024); translation from Diskretn. Mat. 9, No. 3, 125--152 (1997)], the closure with respect to operations of superposition and permutation were considered in [Post, Zbl 0063.06326, loc. cit.]. A review of the results obtained in this direction was presented in [Post, JFM 48.1122.01, loc. cit.; Zbl 0063.06326, loc. cit.]. This paper belongs to the second direction of investigations. Along with the operation of superposition on the set of functions of \(k\)-valued logic, an inversion operation is introduced. In some sense, this operation is inverse to the operation of variables identification. A description of all functional classes closed with respect to the superposition and inversion operations is obtained. For classes of Boolean functions, a similar problem was solved in 2011 in diploma thesis of N.T. Martynova, Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, Lomonosov Moscow State University.''