1-greedy renormings of Garling sequence spaces (Q1749033): Difference between revisions

Consider a set of weights \(\mathcal W:=\{(w_n)_{n=1}^\infty\in c_0\setminus\ell_1 : 1=w_1\geq w_2\geq\dots\geq w_n\geq w_{n+1}\geq\dots >0\}\). The Garling sequence space \(g({\mathbf w},p)\) is the space consisting of all scalar sequences \(f=(a_n)_{n=1}^\infty\) such that \(\|f\|_{g({\mathbf w},p)}:=\sup_{\phi\in O_\infty}\left(\sum_{n=1}^\infty|a_{\phi(n)}|^pw_n\right)^{1/p}<\infty\). Here, \({\mathbf w}=(w_n)_{n=1}^\infty\), \(1\leq p<\infty\), and \(O_\infty\) denotes the set of all increasing functions from \(\mathbb N\) to \(\mathbb N\). It follows that the space \(g({\mathbf w},p)\) is a Banach space with respect to the norm \(\|\cdot\|_{g({\mathbf w},p)}\). Inspired by an example of \textit{D. J. H. Garling}, this class of sequence spaces was introduced and studied in [Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (3) 18, 282--284 (1968; Zbl 0159.34801)]. A semi-normalized basis \((x_n)_{n=1}^\infty\) of a Banach space \((X,\|\cdot\|)\) is said to be \(C\)-greedy under renorming (\(C\)-GUR) if there is an equivalent norm \(|||\cdot|||\) with respect to which \((x_n)_{n=1}^\infty\) is \(C\)-greedy, i.e., \(|||f-\sum_{n\in A}a_nx_n|||\leq C |||f-g|||\) for any \(f=\sum_{n=1}^\infty a_nx_n\in X\) and any finite set \(A\subseteq \mathbb N\) such that \(|a_n|\geq |a_k|\), whenever \(n\in A,\, k\in\mathbb N\setminus A \) and any \(g\in X\) with \(|\text{supp}(g)|\leq |A|\). The authors prove that the canonical basis of the Garling sequence space is 1-GUR. Using democracy functions, they prove that the Garling spaces are super-reflexive, although they are never uniformly convex. As the authors point out, this shows ``how essentially nonlinear tools from greedy approximation can be used to shed light on the linear structure of these spaces''. The following problem is posed at the end of the paper: Does every Banach space with a subsymmetric basis admit a 1-GUR?