A connection between power series and Dirichlet series (Q2208946): Difference between revisions

The authors investigate the relation between the analytic continuation of a Taylor series \(H(z)=\sum _{n=0}^{\infty} h_n z^n\) to a boundary point of its disk of convergence and the analytic continuation of the corresponding Dirichlet series \(D(s)=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{h_{n-1}}{n^s}\) beyond its half-plane of convergence. First, the authors obtain the following interpolation result for power series coefficients: if \(f(z)=\sum_{n=-k}^{\infty} a_n z^n\), \(k\geq 0\), is a Laurent series which is convergent in \(\{z:\ 0<|z|<R\}\), then for any fixed \(r\in (0, R)\), the analytic continuation of the integral \(F(s)=\frac{1}{\Gamma (s)} \int_{0}^{r} f(t) t^{s-1} dt\) is a meromorphic function on \(\mathbb{C}\) whose singularities are a simple pole at \(s=k\) and possible simple poles at \(s=1,2,\ldots, k-1\), with residues \(\operatorname{Res}(F; n)=\frac{a_{-n}}{(n-1)!}\), and satisfying \(F(-n)=(-1)^n n! a_n\) (\( n=0, 1, 2, \ldots\)). Then they prove the main result of the paper: if a power series \(H(z)=\sum _{n=0}^{\infty} h_n z^n\) converges inside the unit disc and has a meromorphic extension to a function with a pole at \(z=1\), then the Dirichlet series \(D(s)=\sum _{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{ h_{n-1}} {n^s}\) has a meromorphic extension to \(\mathbb{C}\). For this purpose they apply their interpolation result to a function \(f(t)=e^{-t}H(e^{-t})\). Several interesting counterexamples, illustrating the difficulties of finding a converse to the main theorem, are considered. Finally, the authors extend their results to power series with a non-isolated singularity at \(z=1\).