The Fermat equation over quadratic fields (Q793077): Difference between revisions

The Fermat equation \(x^ p+y^ p+z^ p=0\) (\(p\geq 5\) prime) is studied where \(x,y,z\) are integers in the quadratic number field \(\mathbb Q(\sqrt{m})\) \((m\) square-free rational integer, \(m\neq 1)\). It is proved that case I of Fermat's last theorem with exponent \(p\) holds for the field \(\mathbb Q(\sqrt{m})\) (i.e. there are no integers \(x,y,z\) in \(\mathbb Q(\sqrt{m})\) fulfilling the given equation with the property \(p\mid xyz)\) if \((m/p)\neq -1\) and \(1+x^ p\not\equiv(1+x)^ p\pmod {p^ 2}\) for \(1\leq x\leq p-2\) or if \(p\) is an \(m\)-regular prime (i.e. \(p\) does not divide the class number of \(\mathbb Q(e^{2\pi i/p},\sqrt{m}))\) and \(m>0\) or \((-3m/p)\neq 1\). It is also shown that case II of Fermat's last theorem with exponent \(p\) holds for the field \(\mathbb Q(\sqrt{m})\) if \(p\) is an \(m\)-regular prime and \((m/p)=1\) or \(m=pm'\) with \((-m'/p)=1\).