On zeros of entire functions of special form (Q948553): Difference between revisions

Let \(\mu\) be a real function of bounded variation on the interval \([0,\sigma]\), \(\sigma> 0\). \textit{G. Pólya} [Math. Zs. 2, 352--383 (1918; JFM 46.0510.01)] was the first to study the distribution of zeros of entire functions of the form \[ F(z)=\int^\sigma_0 e^{izt}d\mu(t) \] with \(d\mu(t)= g(z)\,dt\), \(g\) integrable, positive, nondecreasing in \((0,\sigma)\). Here, relations beween the functions \(F(z)\) and \[ C(z):=\int^\sigma_0\cos zt\,d\mu(\sigma- t) \] are studied. As a result, sharpening Pólya's result, the following therorem is proved: Theorem: Suppose \(C(x)\geq 0\) for all \(x> 0\) and \(F\not\equiv 0\). Then all non-zero real zeros of \(F\) (if they exist) are simple and \(F\) has no zeros in the open lower half-plane \(\text{Im\,}z< 0\). To prove the first part of the theorem the author shows the relation \[ \text{Re}(F(z) e^{-\sigma z})= -\int^\infty_{-\infty} {y\over\pi(y^2+ (t+ x)^2)}\,C(t)\,dt, \] which under these assumptions is positive for \(\text{Im\,}z< 0\). To show the simplicity of the zeros the author uses a result of his earlier work on zeros of entire functions [Methods Funct. Anal. Topol. 10, No. 2, 91--104 (2004; Zbl 1054.30024)]. Some examles to apply the theorem are given, for example to entire functions of the form \[ F(z)= \sum^m_{k=0} c_k e^{i\lambda_k z},\quad c_k\in\mathbb{R},\quad 0= \lambda_0< \lambda_1<\cdots< \lambda_m= \sigma. \]