Bilinear three-cycles on the projective line (Q1100362): Difference between revisions

Let \({\mathbb{P}}^ 1\) denote the projective line over a given field K. If D is a subset of \({\mathbb{P}}^ 1\) and \(\Phi\) maps \(D^ 2\) into D then \(\Phi\) is a three-cycle on D iff \(\Phi (u,\Phi (x,u))=x\) for all x,u\(\in D\). A three-cycle \(\Phi\) on D such that \(| D| \geq 3\) is called bilinear iff there is a list of constants a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h in K such that \(\Phi ((x,y),(u,v))=(axu+bxv+cyu+dyv,exu+fxv+gyu+hyv)\) for all (x,y),(u,v)\(\in D\). Three types of bilinear three-cycles are considered and it is proved that: That of the first type are equivalent to ((x,y),(u,v))\(\mapsto (\alpha yv,xu)\), for some \(\alpha \in K^*\), a bilinear three-cycle on a subset of \({\mathbb{P}}^ 1\setminus \{(1,0),(0,1)\}\). That of the second type are equivalent either \(to\) ((x,y),(u,v))\(\mapsto (xv+yu-\beta yv,-yv)\), for some \(\beta\in K\), or to \(((x,y),(u,v))\mapsto (w^ 2xv+wyu,-yv)\), for some \(w\in K\) such that \(w\neq 1\) and \(w^ 3=1\), a bilinear three-cycle on a subset of \({\mathbb{P}}^ 1\setminus \{(1,0)\}\), depending on whether \(\Phi\) is symmetric or not. That of the third type induce group structures on \({\mathbb{P}}^ 1\) and they may be expressed via those structures.