Periodic orbits for a class \(C^1\) three-dimensional systems (Q997550): Difference between revisions

The paper deals with \(C^{1}\) perturbations of a reversible three-dimensional polynomial differential system of fourth degree. Recall that a diffeomorphism \(\varphi:\mathbb{R}^{3}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}^{3}\) is called an involution if \(\varphi\circ\varphi=Id.\) A vector field \(X\) is reversible if there exists an involution \(\varphi\) such that \(d\varphi\left( X\left( p\right) \right) =-X\left( \varphi\left( p\right) \right) .\) An orbit \(\gamma\) is symmetric with respect to \(\varphi,\) if \(\varphi\left( \gamma\right) =\gamma.\) The authors introduce the concept of a strongly reversible vector field such that the dynamics of a perturbed system remains unchanged provided that the perturbation is strongly reversible. The main goal of the paper is to prove that, under certain conditions, there exists an arbitrary number of symmetric periodic orbits for a non-strongly reversible perturbation. Furthermore, under additional assumptions, existence of infinitely many limit cycles for a certain polynomial system of degree four is established.