Divisorial contractions to \(cDV\) points with discrepancy greater than 1 (Q1797226): Difference between revisions

A normal projective variety $Y$ defined over $\mathbb{C}$ has terminal singularities if $K_Y$ is $\mathbb{Q}$-Cartier ($mK_Y$ is Cartier for some positive integer $m$) and $K_Z=\pi^*K_Y+\sum a_iE_i $ with $a_i>0$ for one resolution of singularities $\pi: Z\rightarrow Y$, where every $E_i\subset X$ is an irreducible exceptional divisor. \par A divisorial contraction is a projective birational morphism $f: Y\rightarrow X $ if $Y$ has only terminal singularities, $-K_Y$ is $f-$ample, and the exceptional locus $E$ of $f$ is an irreducible divisor. \par Let $P\in X$ be a germ of a 3-dimensional terminal singularity. A fundamental problem in birational geometry of dimension 3 is to find all divisorial contractions \[ f: (Y\supset E ) \rightarrow (X\ni P). \] The main result of this paper is to describe divisorial contractions to a Gorenstein point and show that every divisorial contraction listed in a table is obtained as a weighted blowup if it exists. \par Theorem. Let $f: Y\rightarrow X $ be a 3-dimensional divisorial contraction whose exceptional divisor $E$ contractions to a point $P$. Then $f$ is a weighted blowup of the singularity $P\in X$ embedded into a cyclic quotient 5-fold. \par To classify 3-dimensional divisorial contractions which contract an irreducible divisor to a point, the author studies the structure of the graded ring \[ \bigoplus_j f_*{\mathcal{O}}(-jE)/ f_*{\mathcal{O}} (-(j+1)E) \] and find local coordinates at the point $P$ then verify that $f$ should be a certain weighted blowup. The main techniques used in the proof were developed by Kawakita.