Multi-component generalization of the Camassa-Holm equation (Q303870): Difference between revisions

In this paper the authors investigate a \(2N\)-component generalization of the famous Camassa-Holm equation \[ m_t+2mu_x+m_xu=0, m=u-u_{xx}+k \] The generalization is given by formulas (5) which describe the time evolution of the field variables \(u_j\), \(v_j\), \(j=1,\dots,N\). This gereralization was obtained as a direct generalization of another system (given by formulas (4)) that has been previously investigated by the same authors in [\textit{B. Xia} et al., Stud. Appl. Math. 135, No. 3, 248--276 (2015; Zbl 1338.35385)]. An interesting feature of the system (5) is that it contains an arbitrary smooth function \(H\) of the field variables \(u_j\), \(v_j\) and their derivatives. The main result of this article can be found in Section 2, Proposition 1, where the authors construct a Lax pair (8)--(9) of the system (5). This Lax pair is then used in a rather straightforward way to find an infinite sequence of conserved densities of the system (together with the associated fluxes), unfortunately without any statement about their independence. Section 3 contains two examples. In Example 1 the authors put \(N=2\) and \(H=0\) and prove that in this case the system is bi-Hamiltonian. They also investigate peakon solutions of this particular system (see ansatz (29)) and find a stationary single-peakon solution of this system. In Example 2 the authors still keep \(N=2\) but choose a nontrivial function \(H\), polynomial in \(u_i\), \(u_{i,x}\), \(v_i\), \(v_{i,x}\). In this case the authors provide only one Hamiltonian formulation of the system but claim that the system ``could be cast into a bi-Hamiltonian system'' anyway. Applying the same peakon ansatz (29) to this system they find a single-peakon solution of this system. Apart from the Lax pair (8)--(9) the paper does not contain any generel results that hold for arbitrary \(N\) and \(H\). Instead, the authors conclude the paper with a list of unresolved questions: is there a gauge transformation that removes \(H\)? Is there a universal bi-Hamiltonian structure for any \(H\)? How to apply the inverse scattering transform to (5)?