Bifurcation from 2-dimensional to 3-dimensional invariant tori (Q915228): Difference between revisions
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Property / author: Carlotta Maffei / rank | |||
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Property / author: Piero Negrini / rank | |||
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Property / author: Massimo Scalia / rank | |||
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Property / reviewed by: Stephen Schecter / rank | |||
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Property / author: Carlotta Maffei / rank | |||
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Property / author: Massimo Scalia / rank | |||
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Property / reviewed by: Stephen Schecter / rank | |||
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Property / cites work: Nonlinear oscillations, dynamical systems, and bifurcations of vector fields / rank | |||
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Property / cites work: Attractivity and Hopf bifurcation / rank | |||
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Property / cites work: A new approach to the perturbation theory of invariant surfaces / rank | |||
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Property / cites work: Q3948194 / rank | |||
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Property / cites work: On a quasi-periodic Hopf bifurcation / rank | |||
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Property / cites work: Integrability of hamiltonian systems on cantor sets / rank | |||
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Property / cites work: Q5835082 / rank | |||
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Latest revision as of 09:28, 21 June 2024
scientific article
Language | Label | Description | Also known as |
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English | Bifurcation from 2-dimensional to 3-dimensional invariant tori |
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Bifurcation from 2-dimensional to 3-dimensional invariant tori (English)
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1989
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The authors study the bifurcation of small invariant 2-tori into invariant 3-tori near an equilibrium with two pairs of conjugate pure imaginary eigenvalues \(\pm i\omega_ 1\), \(\pm i\omega_ 2\). The nonresonance condition \(k_ 1\omega_ 1+k_ 2\omega_ 2\neq 0,\) \((k_ 1,k_ 2)\in {\mathbb{Z}}^ 2\setminus \{(0,0)\}\), is assumed. After rewriting in ``polar normal form'', truncating, and rescaling, one obtains a 2-dimensional vector field in the rescaled polar amplitudes \((\rho_ 1,\rho_ 2)\). With two parameters \((\mu_ 1,\mu_ 2)\), there is, under certain conditions, a curve in \(\mu\)-space across which Hopf bifurcation of the amplitude equation occurs. Equilibria of the amplitude equation correspond to invariant 2-tori of the full equation, and closed orbits of the amplitude equation correspond to invariant 3-tori of the full equation. The problem is therefore to determine curves in \(\mu\)- space along which the bifurcation from 2-tori to 3-tori persists when the truncated terms in the full equation are restored. The authors solve this problem using an adaptation of KAM theory. The result is as follows. The Hopf bifurcation curve becomes a 3-dimensional surface \({\mathcal S}\) in (\(\mu\),\(\omega\))-space. There is a Cantor set of points P in \({\mathcal S}\) such that to each P correspond two cuspidal regions \(C_ -\), \(C_+\), one on each side of \({\mathcal S}\), with common vertex P. Along any curve in \(C_ -\cup C_+\) that crosses \({\mathcal S}\), a hyperbolically stable invariant 2-torus bifurcates to a hyperbolically stable invariant 3- torus.
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bifurcation from 2-tori to 3-tori
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Hopf bifurcation
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