The ideal class group of the \(\mathbb Z_p\)-extension over the rationals (Q961448): Difference between revisions

Let \(p\) be a prime, \(\mathbb Z_p\) the ring of \(p\)-adic integers and \(\mathbb B_\infty\) be the \(\mathbb Z_p\) extension over the rational number field \(\mathbb Q\). The authors study local triviality of the ideal class group of \(\mathbb B_\infty\) with some explicit results for \(p\leq 7\). Let \(q=p\) or \(q=4\) according to whether \(p>2\) or \(p=2\). Let us denote \(\mathbb P_{\infty}\) the composite in the complex number field \(\mathbf C\) of cyclotomic fields of \(p^a\)th roots of unity for all positive integers \(a\), i.e. \(\mathbb P_\infty=\mathbb B_\infty(e^{2\pi i/q})\). Given any prime number \(l\) different from \(p\), let \(F\) be the decomposition field of \(l\) for the abelian extension \(\mathbb P_\infty/\mathbb Q\). For each positive integer \(b\), let \(\xi_b=e^{2\pi i/p^b}\). Therefore \(\mathbb P_\infty/F(\xi_1)\) is a \(\mathbb Z_p\)-extension. There exists a unique positive integer \(\nu\) such that \(F\subseteq \mathbb Q(\xi_\nu)\) and \([\mathbb Q(_{\xi_\nu}):F]\mid \varphi(q)\), where \(\varphi\) denotes the Euler function. Let \(\mathfrak D\) denote the ring of algebraic integers in \(F\) and \(\mathbb Z\) the ring of rational integers. Let \(S\) be the minimal set of non-negative integers less than \(\varphi(p^\nu)=p^{\nu-1}(p-1)\) such that \(\mathfrak D\subseteq\sum_{m\in S}\mathbb Z\xi_\nu^m\). Let \(D\) the absolute value of the discriminant of \(F\), put \[ \Theta=\sqrt{D}\Big(\frac{[F:\mathbb Q]}{p^\nu \log 2} \sum_{m\in S}\| T_{\mathbb Q(\xi_\nu)/F}((1-\xi_1^{[m/p^{\nu-1}]+1})\xi_\nu^{-m}\|\Big)^{[F:\mathbb Q]}, \] where \(T\) denotes the trace map, \(\|\theta\| \) the maximum of the absolute values of all conjugates of \(\theta\) over \(\mathbb Q\) and \([x]\) the maximal integer at most equal to the real \(x\). For each integer \(a\geq 0\) let \(\mathbb B_a\) the subfield of \(\mathbb B_\infty\) with degree \(p^a\) and \(h_a\) the class number of \(\mathbb B_a\). Let \(\Gamma\) be any cyclic group of order \(p^\nu\) and a generator \(\gamma\) of \(\Gamma=\{\gamma^m\mid m\in\mathbb Z,\;0\leq m <p^\nu\}\). Let \(S^*\) denote the minimal set of non-negative integers less than \(p^\nu\) such that in the group ring of \(\Gamma\) over \(\mathbb Z\), \((1-\gamma^{p^{\nu-1}})\sum_{m\in S} b_m\gamma^m\in \sum_{w\in S^*}\mathbb Z\gamma^w\) for every sequence \(\{b_m\}_{m\in S}\) of integers with \(\sum_{m\in S}b_m\xi_\nu^m\in\mathfrak D\). Let \(N\) denote the set of positive integers \(n\) which satisfy \[ p^n\geq \frac{p^{2\nu-1}}{q},\;\frac{(2qp^{n-\nu})^{1/\varphi(p-1)}}{\varphi(q)|S^*|} <\Theta \Big(\frac{\varphi(q)}{2}\log \Big(\frac{qp^n}{\pi}\sin \frac{\pi}{p}+\cos\frac{\pi}{p}\Big)\Big)^{[F:\mathbb Q]}. \] When \(N\neq\emptyset\), let \(n_0\) be the maximal integer in \(N\), and when \(N=\emptyset\), let us define \(n_0\) by \(p^{n_0}=p^{2\nu-1}/q\). The authors prove: Assume that \(l\nmid h_{\nu-1}\). Then the \(l\)-class group of \(\mathbb B_\infty\) is trivial if \[ l\nmid h_{n_0}\text{\;or\;} l\geq \Theta \Big(\frac{\varphi(q)}{2} \log\;\Big(\frac{qp^{n_0}}{\pi}\sin \frac{\pi}{p}+\cos\frac{\pi}{p}\Big)\Big)^{[F:\mathbb Q]}. \] The explicit results are: Assume that \(p=5\) and that \(l\equiv g\bmod 25\) for some integer \[ g\in\{2,3,4,8,9,12,13,14,17,19,22,23\}. \] Then the \(l\)-class group of \(\mathbb B_\infty\) is trivial. The result above was already known in [\textit{K. Horie}, Proc. Japan Acad., Ser. A 81, No. 3, 40-43 (2005; Zbl 1114.11086)] for \(g\in\{2,3,8,12,13,17,22,23\}\). Assume that \(p=7\) and that \(l\equiv g\bmod 49\) for some integer \[ g\in\{2,3,4,5,9,10,11,12,16,17,23,24,25,26,32,33,37,38,39,40,44,45,46,47\}. \] Then the \(l\)-class group of \(\mathbb B_\infty\) is trivial.