Time-average for physical quantities in infinite classical systems (Q1098182): Difference between revisions

Existence of a time-average for space-translation invariant physical quantities (pq) is proven. Pq are defined as some compatible and measurable systems of functions on the phase space \({\mathcal X}\). We consider a topological space \({\mathcal Y}\) built over the phase space so that pq may be regarded as real Borel functions on \({\mathcal Y}\). The dynamics on \({\mathcal X}\) which satisfies the so-called ``particle'' condition may be transferred on \({\mathcal Y}.\) Conditions equivalent to measurability of the transferred dynamics are studied. A \(\sigma\)-finite Borel measure \(\nu\) is defined on the quotient space \({\mathcal Y}/\tau\) of \({\mathcal Y}\) modulo the space-translation group \(\tau\). It is invariant with respect to transferred dynamics on \({\mathcal Y}/\tau\), if the Gibbs measure is invariant with respect to the initial dynamics on \({\mathcal X}\) and if the probability of ``the existence of infinitely long particle path, at finite time, is zero''. Using Birkhoff's ergodic theorem on the quotient space \({\mathcal Y}/\tau\) with measure \(\nu\), we obtain the existence of time-average for \(\tau\)- invariant pq. If the transferred dynamics is ergodic on n-particle level \({\mathcal Y}^ n/\tau\), where \(n\geq 2\), then the time-average for n-pq equals zero.