On one linear differential system (Q1594470): Difference between revisions

The author considers the following problem: let (A) be the indetermined system \(\partial_{\overline z}= 0\), \(\partial^n_z w+ P_{n-1} w+\cdots+ P_1\partial^w_z+ P_0 w=0\) where \(z= x+ iy\in \mathbb{C}^1\) (or \(z\) belong to a domain in \(\mathbb{C}^1\)). Under which conditions does the kernel \(Q\) to this system have the dimension \(j\) (with \(1\leq j\leq n\)) if the coefficients belong to the space \(H^{(1)}_{1,\text{loc},d}\), where \(d\) means that their first derivative is locally summable with the exception of a discrete set. System (A) can be written in the following equivalent form, \[ w^{(n)}+ P_{n- 1} w^{(n- 1)}+\cdots+ P_1 w^{(1)}+ P_0 w= 0\quad\text{with }w^{(k)}= {d^kw\over dz^k}. \] The main results are: 1) If the coefficients of system (A) are as above then the fact that \(\dim_{\mathbb{C}}Q= n\) is equivalent to the fact that the coefficients of (A) are holomorphic, with the possible exception of a discrete set of singular points. 2) The fact that \(\dim_{\mathbb{C}}Q= j\) is equivalent to the fact that (A) is equivalent to the equation (B): \(w^j+ B_{j-1} w^{j-1}+\cdots+ B_1 w'+ B_0w= 0\) with the \(B_k\)'s analytic with the exception of a discrete set of singularities. 3) System (A) is equivalent to equation (B) with the \(B_k\)'s as in 2) if and only if the \(B_k\) verify some nonlinear system of equations (written explicitely). For \(j= n-1\), \(j= n-2\) then sure more explicit conditions. For \(n=2\), the relations involved reduce to a Riccati equation. The solution one considers as generalized solutions. Some of the implications (the analytic case in 1) and 2)) are well known. No proofs are provided.