Galois groups of trinomials (Q5918020): Difference between revisions

Let \(f(X)= X^n+ aX^s+b\) be an irreducible trinomial with integral coefficients, where \(n\) and \(s\) are co-prime. Under which criteria on the coefficients \(a,b\), the Galois group of \(f(X)\) must be the symmetric group \(S_n\)? Examples of such criteria have been given by \textit{H. Osada} [J. Number Theory 25, 230-238 (1987; Zbl 0608.12010) and Tôhoku Math. J. 39, 437-445 (1987; Zbl 0615.12012)]. The authors greatly extend the work of Osada to cover situations in which non-tame ramification is involved. Assuming the classification of finite simple groups, they show, under some general hypotheses bearing on the integers \(n,s,a,b\) that only very specific groups can occur as Galois group of \(f(X)\). For instance, if the two integers \(nb\) and \(as(n-s)\) are co-prime and if \(s\) is a prime number, then already the Galois group of \(f(X)\) is either \(S_n\) or the alternating group \(A_n\).