Fixed point theorems and Denjoy-Wolff theorems for Hilbert's projective metric in infinite dimensions (Q2469339): Difference between revisions

The Denjoy-Wolff theorem states that for a holomorphic map \(f\) on the open unit ball which has no fixed points there is a \(\zeta\in\partial B\) such that \(f^nz\to\zeta\) for \(n\to\infty\) for each \(x\in B\). A~more general result holds for bounded open strictly convex sets \(G\subset\mathbb{R}^n\) and maps \(f:G\to G\) which are nonexpansive with respect to Hilbert's projective metric \(d\). The author generalizes the Denjoy-Wolff theorem to the infinite-dimensional case by removing the condition of strict convexity: he considers a closed normal cone \(C\) with nonempty interior in a Banach space \(X\) and a continuous map \(q:\text{int}(C)\to(0,\infty)\) which is homogeneous of degree one. Let \(\Sigma:=q^{-1}(\{1\})\), suppose that \(D\subset\Sigma\) is closed and bounded with respect to Hilbert's projective metric \(d\) and that \([(1-t)x+ty]/q((1-t)x+ty)\in D\) whenever \(x,y\in D\) and \(0\leq t\leq1\). Consider a map \(f:\Sigma\to\Sigma\) which is nonexpansive with respect to \(d\) and satisfies \(f(D)\subset D\). If there is an integer \(n\) such that \(f^n| D\) is condensing in the norm topology, then \(f\) has a fixed point in \(D\). If \(f\) has no fixed points on \(\Sigma\), then for \(x\in\Sigma\) the \(\omega\)-limit set of \(x\) (in the norm topology) is contained in \(\Sigma\). The proof is surprisingly difficult, and the author takes great care to explain the details in a lucid way.