Universality theorem for the iterated integrals of the logarithm of the Riemann zeta-function (Q2674412): Difference between revisions

We consider the universality theorem for \(\widetilde{\eta}_m\), the iterated integrals of the logarithm of the Riemann zeta function \(\zeta\). We now review the definition of \(\widetilde{\eta}_m\). Let \[ G=(\mathbb{C}\setminus (-\infty,1])\setminus\bigcup_{\rho = \beta + i \gamma} \left\{ \sigma + i \gamma~|~ \sigma \leq \beta \right\}, \] where \(\rho=\beta + i\gamma\) is the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function. Then, for \(\sigma+it\in G\), the function \(\widetilde{\eta}_m\) is defined by \begin{align*} \widetilde{\eta}_0(\sigma+it)=\int_\infty^{\sigma}\frac{\zeta'}{\zeta}(\alpha+it)d\alpha,\text{ and } \widetilde{\eta}_m(\sigma+it)=\int_\infty^{\sigma}\widetilde{\eta}_{m-1}(\alpha+it)d\alpha. \end{align*} In this paper, the author demonstrates the universality theorem for \(\widetilde{\eta}_m(s)\) in the strip \(\mathcal{D} = \{s = \sigma + it ~|~ 1/2 < \sigma < 1\}\). Let \(\mathcal{K}\) be a compact subset of \(\mathcal{D}\) with connected complement, and let \(f(s)\) be a continuous function on \(\mathcal{K}\) that is holomorphic in the interior of \(\mathcal{K}\). Then, for any \(\varepsilon>0\), we have \[ \liminf_{T \rightarrow \infty} \frac{1}{T} \mathrm{meas}\left\{ \tau \in [T,2T] ~\left|~ \sup_{s \in \mathcal{K}} \left| \widetilde{\eta}_m (s + i \tau) - f(s) \right| < \varepsilon \right.\right\}>0, \] where \(\mathrm{meas}\) denotes the Lebesgue measure. As one of the corollaries of this result, for \(\frac12 < \sigma <1\), the set \[ \left\{ \left( \widetilde{\eta}_m( \sigma + it), \widetilde{\eta}_m'( \sigma + it), \ldots, \widetilde{\eta}_m^{(n-1)}( \sigma + it) \right) \in \mathbb{C}^n\mid t \in \mathbb{R} \right\} \] is dense in \(\mathbb{C}^n\). This result is a generalization of the result given by the author and \textit{S. Inoue}, Forum Math. 33, No. 1, 167--176 (2021; Zbl 1464.11086)].