On the growth of high Sobolev norms of solutions for KdV and Schrödinger equations (Q677112): Difference between revisions

The author investigates the growth of high Sobolev norms of solutions of the following initial value problems: nonlinear Schrödinger equation \[ i\partial_tu+ \partial^2_x u+\lambda |u|^ku=0,\qquad u(x,0)= \Phi(x) \quad x\in\mathbb{R} \quad\text{or} \quad \mathbb{T},\quad t\in\mathbb{R}\tag{1} \] and generalized KdV equation \[ \partial_tu+ \partial^3_xu+ \lambda \partial_xu^k= 0,\qquad u(x,0)= \Phi(x) \quad x\in\mathbb{R} \quad \text{or} \quad \mathbb{T}, \quad t\in\mathbb{R}. \tag{2} \] He establishes two types of results. The first one is concerned with both problems (1) and (2) for any \(k\) and constant \(\lambda\). The second one deals with a case of variables \(\lambda\) for (1) with \(k=2\) and for (2) with \(k=2,3\). Disposing of an a priori control of the \(H^1\)-norm of \(u\) the author obtains the estimates \[ \bigl |u(t) \bigr|_{H^s}\leq C|t|^{\delta^{-1}} \quad\text{for} \quad|t|\to\infty, \] for any \(s\geq 1\) where \(\delta\) is a function of \(s\) expressed in a simple form such as \(\delta^{-1} =(s-1)^+\). The smoothing effect of the operators \((i\partial_t+\partial^2_x)^{-1}\) and \((\partial_t+ \partial^3_x)^{-1}\) and a certain bilinear inequality proved by Kenig, Ponce, and Vega play important roles in the proof of the first type and the second one, respectively.