Exponential asymptotic stability for scalar linear Volterra equations (Q803866): Difference between revisions

For the scalar linear Volterra equation \((1)\quad \dot x(t)=Ax(t)+\int^{t}_{0}B(t-s)x(s)ds,\quad t\geq 0,\) where A is a constant and B is continuous on \({\mathbb{R}}_+\) with \(B\in L^ 1({\mathbb{R}}^+)\), for any \(\sigma \in {\mathbb{R}}^+\) and \(\phi\in C([0,\sigma])\) the unique function x which satisfies (1) on [\(\sigma\),\(\infty)\) and \(x=\phi\) on [0,\(\sigma\) ] is denoted by x(t;\(\sigma\),\(\phi\)). The zero solution is said to be (i) uniformly stable (US), if for any \(\epsilon >0\) there exists a \(\delta (\epsilon)>0\) such that \(\sigma \in {\mathbb{R}}^+\) and \(\phi\in C([0,\sigma])\) with \(| \phi |_{[0,\sigma]}<\delta (\epsilon)\) imply \(| x(t;\sigma,\phi)| <\epsilon\) for all \(t\geq \sigma\); (ii) uniformly asymptotically stable (UAS), if it is US and, if there is a \(\delta_ 0>0\) with the property that for each \(\epsilon >0\) there exists a \(T(\epsilon)>0\) such that \(\sigma \in {\mathbb{R}}^+\) and \(\phi\in C([0,\sigma])\) with \(| \phi |_{[0,\sigma]}<\delta_ 0\) imply \(| x(t;\sigma,\phi)| <\epsilon\) for all \(t\geq \sigma +T(\epsilon)\); (iii) exponentially asymptotically stable (ExAS), if there exists positive constants K and \(\alpha\) such that \(| x(t;\sigma,\phi)| \leq Ke^{-\alpha (t-\sigma)}| \phi |_{[0,\sigma]}\), \(t\geq \sigma \geq 0\), for any \(\phi\in C([0,\sigma]).\) The author proves that for B satisfying \((2)\quad \int^{\infty}_{0}B(t)e^{\gamma t}dt<\infty\) for a positive constant \(\gamma >0\), if the zero solution of (1) is UAS, then it is ExAS. He also analyzes the converse of the theorem answering to a question due to \textit{C. Corduneanu} and \textit{V. Lakshmikantham} [Nonlinear Anal., Theory Methods Appl. 4, 831-877 (1980; Zbl 0449.34048)].