Smale horseshoes and symbolic dynamics in perturbed nonlinear Schrödinger equations (Q1304404): Difference between revisions

This paper is devoted to horseshoes in infinite dimensions. Here the author constructs Smale horseshoes and studies the corresponding symbolic dynamics for the following perturbed \((1+1)\)-dimensional cubic nonlinear Schrödinger system: \[ iq_t= q_{\xi\xi}+ 2[|q|^2- \omega^2]q+ i\varepsilon [-\alpha q+\widehat{D}^2q+ \Gamma] \tag{1} \] under even periodic boundary conditions \[ q(\zeta+1)= q(\zeta), \quad q(-\zeta)= q(\zeta). \] Here \(\varepsilon> 0\) is the perturbation parameter \((\omega, \alpha, \Gamma)\) are real constants, \(\alpha> 0\), \(\omega\in (\pi, 2\pi)\). The operator \(\widehat{D}^2\) is a ``regularized'' Laplacian, specifically given by \[ \widehat{D}^2q \equiv- \sum_{j=0}^\infty \beta_j k_j^2 \widehat{q}_j \cos k_j \zeta_j \] where \(\widehat{q}_j\) is the Fourier transform of \(q_k\) and \(k_j= 2\pi j\). The regularizing coefficient \(\beta_j\) is defined by \[ \beta_j= \begin{cases} \beta &\text{for }j\leq N,\\ \alpha_* k_j^{-2} &\text{for }j> N \end{cases} \] in which \(\beta\) and \(\alpha_*\) are positive constants and \(\alpha_*> 16\pi^2\beta\) with \(N\) a sufficiently large fixed positive integer.