Actions of small groups on two-dimensional Artin-Schelter regular algebras (Q2193219): Difference between revisions

Let \(\Bbbk\) be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero and let \(R=\Bbbk[x_1,\dots,x_n]\). Then \(\mathrm{GL}(n,\Bbbk)\) acts naturally on \(R\) by graded automorphism. For any finite subgroup \(G\) of \(\mathrm{GL}(n,\Bbbk)\) there is a graded ring homomorphism \(\phi:R\# G \to \mathrm{End}_{R^G} R\), sometimes referred to as \textit{Auslander's map}, where \(\phi(rg)(s) = r(g \cdot s)\). A theorem of \textit{M. Auslander} [Am. J. Math. 84, 116--125 (1962; Zbl 0112.13101)] asserts that \(\phi\) is an isomorphism if and only if \(G\) is small, that is, \(G\) contains no reflections. There has been recent interest in studying this result in the context of noncommutative algebras. That is, under what circumstances can one replace \(R\) by a noncommutative algebra \(A\) and \(G\) by a finite subgroup of \(\mathrm{Aut}_{\mathrm{gr}} A\)? A suitable replacement for a polynomial algebra in the noncommutative setting is an Artin-Schelter (AS) regular algebra. In (global) dimension two, an AS regular algebra may be presented as one of the following: \[ \Bbbk_q[u,v] = \frac{\Bbbk\langle u,v\rangle}{(vu-quv)}, \quad q \in \Bbbk^\times, \qquad \Bbbk_J[u,v] = \frac{\Bbbk\langle u,v\rangle}{(vu-uv-u^2)}. \] The notion of a reflection, and smallness, for a graded group action in this setting is redefined using the the trace series. The present paper first classifies all small subgroups \(G\) of \(\mathrm{Aut}_{\mathrm{gr}}(A)\) where \(A\) is one of the above algebras. It is then shown that the Auslander map is an isomorphism for any such pair \((A,G)\). In the case that the group action has trivial homological determinant, this follows from work of \textit{K. Chan}, \textit{E. Kirkman}, \textit{C. Walton}, and \textit{J. Zhang} [J. Algebra 508, 512--538 (2018; Zbl 1420.16018)]. The author adopts the approach of \textit{Y. Bao}, \textit{J. He}, and \textit{J. Zhang} [J. Noncommut. Geom. 13, No. 2, 667--710 (2019; Zbl 1422.16004)]. That is, to prove that the Auslander map is an isomoprhism for the pair \((A,G)\), it suffices to show that \((A\#G)/(e)\) is finite-dimensional, where \(e = \frac{1}{|G|} \sum_{g \in G} 1\# g\). In the case of trivial homological determinant this also follows from a result of \textit{I. Mori} and \textit{K. Ueyama} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 368, No. 10, 7359--7383 (2016; Zbl 1378.16020)]. Hence, the primary computational mechanism is to produce elements in the ideal \((e)\). The author also computes the invariant rings for the pairs \((A,G)\) above. In most cases, a complete presentation of \(A^G\) is given. Furthermore, it is shown that, in general, \(A^G\) is a quotient of an AS regular algebra. However, in a particular case of invariants of \(A=\Bbbk_{-1}[u,v]\), generators are provided but a full presentation is not fully realizable.