A Moufang loop, the exceptional Jordan algebra, and a cubic form in 27 variables (Q2639162): Difference between revisions

Let J be the exceptional 27-dimensional Jordan algebra over \({\mathbb{C}}\). Its automorphism group \(F_ 4({\mathbb{C}})\) contains a self-centralizing elementary abelian subgroup A of order 27. As an A-module, J decomposes into a direct sum of 1-dimensional spaces \(J_ x\), \(x\in A^{\wedge}=Hom(A,C^*)\). It was known that there are a basis of J of the form \(e_ x\in J_ x\), for \(x\in A^{\wedge}\), and a function g: \(A^{\wedge}\times A^{\wedge}\to {\mathbb{F}}_ 3\) such that \(e_ xe_ y=(-2)^{c(x,y)}\omega^{g(x,y)}e_{xy}\), where \(c(x,y)=0\) if x and y are linearly dependent and \(c(x,y)=1\) otherwise, \(\omega^ 3=1\). The elements \(e_ x\), for \(x\in A^{\wedge}\) generate the infinite commutative loop L. The loop L has as quotient a Moufang loop M of order 81 and exponent 3. The author constructs a polynomial of the third degree as a function of g(x,y). Using g and the loop M the exceptional algebra J can be constructed. The author also gets a new construction of the cubic form in 27 variables whose group is \(3E_ 6({\mathbb{C}})\). The loops associated with the exceptional Jordan algebra J are used to study important finite subgroups of sporadic simple groups and Lie groups. Here the loops are of odd order. One compares the situation with the loops of even order in the case of Cayley numbers.