Skeleton for the one-dimensional aggregation equation (Q2681261): Difference between revisions

The authors consider the 1D aggregation equation: \(\rho_{t}+(\rho v)_{x}=0\), \(v(\cdot ,t)=-N_{x}\ast \rho (\cdot ,t)\), posed in \(\mathbb{R}\times \mathbb{R}^{+}\), with the initial condition \(\rho (\cdot ,0)=\chi_{\Omega_{0}}\), where \(N\) is the fundamental solution of the Laplacian and \(\chi_{\Omega_{0}}\) is the characteristic function of the bounded and open set \(\Omega_{0}\subset \mathbb{R}\). They recall that the solution can be computed as \(\rho (\cdot ,t)=\frac{1}{1-t}\chi_{\Omega_{t}}\), where \(\Omega_{t}=X(\Omega_{0},t)\), \(0\leq t<1\), \(X\) being the solution to \(\frac{ d}{dt}X(\alpha ,t)=v(X(\alpha ,t),t)\), \(X(\alpha ,0)=\alpha \). The first result of the paper proves that if \(\Omega_{0}=\bigcup_{i=1}^{\infty}I_{i}\), with \(I_{i}=(\alpha_{i},\beta_{i})\) pairwise disjoint, and \((\rho ,v)\) is the solution to the aggregation problem, then the blow-up set or skeleton \(\Omega_{1}=\lim_{t\rightarrow 1^{-}}X(\Omega_{0},t)\) is equal to \(\bigcup_{i=1}^{\infty}\{\alpha_{i}+v(X(\alpha_{i},t),t)\}\) and defining \(d\mu_{t}=\rho (\cdot ,t)dx\), \(\mu_{t}\) weakly converges to \(\mu_{1}=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}I_{i}\delta_{x_{i}}\), where \(\delta_{x_{i}}\) is the Dirac measure at \(x_{i}=\alpha_{i}+v(X(\alpha_{i},t),t)\). The authors then reciprocally prove that any bounded countable collection of points is the skeleton of some initial open set. Assuming now that \(K_{1}\) is a compact set with \(\left\Vert K_{1}\right\Vert =0\), \([c,d]\) is the smallest closed interval containing \(K_{1}\), and \(\mu_{1}\) is a measure with support equal to \(K_{1}\) and \(\mu_{1}(K_{1})=2L\), the authors prove the existence of a compact set \(K_{0}\) with \(\left\Vert K_{0}\right\Vert =2L\) such that the solution \(\rho (\cdot ,t)\) to the above aggregation equation with initial data \(\rho (\cdot ,0)=\chi_{K_{0}}\) is such that \(\lim_{t\rightarrow 1^{-}}\rho (x,t)dx\) weakly converges to \(d\mu_{1}\).