A functional equation with a symmetric binary operation (Q657825): Difference between revisions
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Latest revision as of 20:23, 4 July 2024
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English | A functional equation with a symmetric binary operation |
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A functional equation with a symmetric binary operation (English)
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10 January 2012
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Let \(X\) be a set with a binary symmetric operation \(\circ\), let \(A,B,C\) be real constants and \(f,g: X\to \mathbb{R}_{+}\) unknown functions satisfying the functional equation \[ f(x\circ y)[Ag(y)-Bg(x)]=(A+C)f(x)g(y)-(B+C)f(y)g(x),\qquad x,y\in X. \] Some results have been already obtained for special cases of the above equation, in particular with the operation \(\circ\) being an arithmetic mean, with or without additional regularity assumptions on \(f\) and \(g\). The purpose of the present paper is to solve the equation, not assuming any particular form of \(\circ\). It is proved that if \(AC\neq 0\), \(A+B+C\neq 0\), \(A+B\neq 0\), \(A+C+B+C\neq 0\) and \(A\neq B\), then the only solutions are constant functions \(f(x)=k_1\), \(g(x)=k_2\), \(x\in X\). In remaining cases, the solutions are also given. They are described using the Jensen-type functions with respect to \(\circ\), i.e., mappings satisfying \[ h(x\circ y)=\frac{h(x)+h(y)}{2},\qquad x,y\in X. \]
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functional equation
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binary symmetric operation
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arithmetic mean
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Jensen-type functions
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