Asymptotic formulae of Mehler-Heine-type for certain classical polyorthogonal polynomials (Q2566245): Difference between revisions

This paper fits nicely in the set of papers on simultaneous orthogonal polynomials (known under several names: poly-orthogonal polynomials (of type II), multiple orthogonal polynomials). In the paper under review the so-called Jacobi-Jacobi [J-J] and Jacobi-Laguerre [J-L] type poly-orthogonal polynomials of type II are studied. Specific the situation of the two Angelesco systems A1. \(\ell=2,\;\Delta_1=[-1,1]\;\Delta_2=[-1,a]\;(a>1).\) Here \(d\mu_1(x)=| h(x)| \,dx\) on \(\Delta_1\) and \(d\mu_2(x)=| h(x)| \,dx\) on \(\Delta_2\), where \[ h(x)=(1-x)^{\alpha} (1+x)^{\beta} (a-x)^{\gamma} \quad\text{for }\alpha,\beta,\gamma>-1. \] A2. \(\ell=2,\;\Delta_1=[0,\infty] \;\Delta_2=[b,0]\;(b<0).\) Here \(d\mu_1(x)=| h(x)| dx\) on \(\Delta_1\) and \(d\mu_2(x)=| h(x)| \,dx\) on \(\Delta_2\), where \[ h(x)=e^{-x}x^{\alpha} (x-b)^{\beta} \quad\text{for }\alpha,\beta,-1. \] The spectrum of the \(\mu_i\) is infinite and \(\{\Delta_1\}\) are pairwise disjoint and the weights are \[ w_i(z)=\in_{\Delta_i}\,{\mu_i(d\zeta) \over z-\zeta}\quad (0\leq i\leq 2). \] For a vector-index \(\vec{n}=(n_1,n_2)\in \mathbb Z_{+}^2\) there exists a polynomial \(p=p_{\vec{n}}\) with degree at most \(| \vec{n}| =n_1+n_2\), such that \[ \int_{\Delta_i}\,\zeta^{\nu} p(\zeta) \mu_i(d\zeta)=0,\quad 0\leq \nu\leq n_i-1,\;i=1,2. \] The J-J resp. J-L polynomials are the given for \(k\geq 0\) by \[ p_n^{(\alpha,\beta,\gamma)} = \begin{cases} p_{(k,k)}^{(\alpha,\beta,\gamma)}, &\vec{n}=(k,k) \\ p_{(k+1,k)}^{(\alpha,\beta,\gamma)}, &\vec{n}=(k+1,k).\end{cases} \] and \[ \ell_n^{(\alpha,\beta,\gamma)} = \begin{cases} \ell_{(k,k)}^{(\alpha,\beta,\gamma)}, &\vec{n}=(k,k)\\ \ell_{(k+1,k)}^{(\alpha,\beta,\gamma)}, &\vec{n}=(k+1,k).\end{cases} \] The main results of the paper are the following Mehler-Heine type formulae, generalizing existing formulae for the ordinary Jacobi (the first limit) and Laguerre (the second limit) polynomials: \[ \begin{aligned} \lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\, p_n^{(\alpha,\beta,\gamma)} \biggl(1-{1-a\over 3-a}{2z^2\over n^2}\biggr) &= \Gamma(\alpha +1) \biggl({z\over\alpha} \biggr)^{-\alpha} J_{\alpha}(z),\\ \lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\, \ell_n^{(\alpha,\beta,\gamma)} \biggl({4bz^2\over n^2}\biggr) &= \Gamma(\alpha +1) z^{-\alpha} J_{\alpha}(z), \end{aligned} \] both uniformly in \(z\) on bounded regions in \(\mathbb C\).