On the \(\varkappa\)th root of a Stieltjes moment sequence (Q714096): Difference between revisions

Let \(\{a_{n}\}_{n=0}^{\infty}\subseteq \mathbb{R_{+}}(=[0, \infty))\) be a Stieltjes moment sequence (S.m.s.) with a representing measure \(\mu\), that is \(\mu\) is positive Borel measure on \( \mathbb{R_{+}}\) and \(a_{n}= \int_{ \mathbb{R_{+}}}x^{n}d\mu(x)\) for all \(n=0,1,2,\cdots\). Supposing that for a positive integer \(\kappa\), greater than or equal to 2 , the sequence \(\{\sqrt[\kappa]{a_{n}}\}_{n=0}^{\infty}\) is also an S.m.s. with a representing measure \(\nu\), the authors establish a formula connecting the closed supports of \(\mu\) and \(\nu\). Namely, if \(X^{\kappa}\) stands for the \(\kappa\)-fold Cartesian product of a set \(X\) by itself and the continuous mapping \(\pi_{\kappa}: \mathbb{R_{+}^{\kappa}} \mapsto \mathbb{R_{+}}\) is defined by \(\pi_{\kappa}(x_{1}, \cdots, x_{n}) = x_{1}, \cdots x_{n}\) (\(x_{1}, \cdots, x_{n} \in \mathbb{R_{+}}\)), then \(\mathrm{supp}(\mu) = \overline{\pi_{\kappa}((\mathrm{supp}(\nu))^{\kappa})}\); moreover, if \(\mathrm{supp} \nu\) is compact or \(0 \overline{\in} \mathrm{supp}(\nu)\), then \(\mathrm{supp}(\mu) = \pi_{\kappa}((\mathrm{supp}(\nu))^{\kappa})\). Given a hole of the support of the measure \(\mu\), some circumstances under which the support of the measure \(\nu\) has a hole, are defined. For some pair \((M,N)\) of positive integers there is an S.m.s. \(\{a_{n}\}_{n=0}^{\infty}\) such that also \(\{\sqrt[2]{a_{n}}\}_{n=0}^{\infty}\) is an S.m.s. and representing measures supported on subsets of \((0, \infty)\) are of cardinality \(M\) and \(N\), respectively. The set of all such pairs is described. A variety of illustrating examples is constructed, in particular such an example of an S.m.s. \(\{a_{n}\}_{n=0}^{\infty}\) , that \(\{\sqrt[\kappa]{a_{n}}\}_{n=0}^{\infty}\) is also an S.m.s. for \(\kappa =2, 4\), but not for \(\kappa =3\).