Continued fractions of arithmetic sequences of quadratics (Q2221490): Difference between revisions

For a real number \(x \in [0, 1] \backslash \mathbb{Q}\) let \(x = [a_1(x), a_2(x),\dots ] \) be its uniquely defined continued fraction expansion. Let \(w = (w_1,\dots, w_k )\) be a finite sequence of natural numbers. The frequency of appearance of the pattern \(w\) in the continued fraction expansion of \(x\), by \[ D(x,w)=\lim_{N } \frac{1}{N} \# \{1\leq n \leq N: w=(a_{n+1}(x),\dots,a_{n+k}(x) \}, \] defined. It is known that for Lebesgue almost any \(x\), \(D(x, w)\) exists and is equal to some explicit integral which depends only on \(w\) . This almost sure value denoted as \(c_w\). The main result of the paper are following theorems. Theorem. There exist at most two real quadratic fields such that if a quadratic irrational \(x\) does not belong to them, there exist an infinite subset \(S \subset \mathbb{P} \) and \(\delta >0 \) such that for any pattern \(w\) there exists a constant \(C=C(w,x)\) such that if \(p \in S\) then \[ |D(px,w)-c_w|< C p^{-\delta}. \] Theorem. Let \(x\) be a quadratic irrational. Then, assuming that the generalized Riemann hypothesis (GRH) holds, there exist a density one subset \(S\subset \mathbb{N} \) and \(\delta >0 \) such that for any pattern \(w\) there exists a constant \(C=C(w,x)\) such that if \(m \in S\) then \[ |D(mx,w)-c_w|< C m^{-\delta}. \] Similarly, let \(P\) denote the set of primes. Assuming that the GRH holds, there exist a density one sequence \(S\subset \) and \(\delta >0 \) such that for any pattern \(w\) there exists a constant \(C=C(w,x) \) such that if \(p \in S\) then \[ |D(px,w)-c_w|< C p^{-\delta}. \]ss