Three Hopf algebras from number theory, physics \& topology, and their common background. I: Operadic \& simplicial aspects (Q2295615): Difference between revisions

This paper exhibits three known constructions of Hopf algebras from different mathematical fields as special cases of a general construction of Hopf algebras using the theory of operads. The three known constructions are: \begin{itemize} \item Goncharov's Hopf algebra of iterated integrals representing multiple zeta values [\textit{A. B. Goncharov}, Duke Math. J. 128, No. 2, 209--284 (2005; Zbl 1095.11036)] and variations of it; \item Connes-Kreimer's renormalization Hopf algebra for rooted forests [\textit{A. Connes} and \textit{D. Kreimer}, Commun. Math. Phys. 199, No. 1, 203--242 (1998; Zbl 0932.16038)] and variations of it; and \item Baues' Hopf algebra for double loop spaces [\textit{H. J. Baues}, Compos. Math. 43, 331--341 (1981; Zbl 0478.57027)]. \end{itemize} The general construction is carried out in stages. Functors from suitable categories of co-operads to categories of bialgebras are constructed, both in the setting of symmetric and non-symmetric operads. Conditions on a co-operad for the corresponding bialgebra to admit a natural Hopf algebra quotient are proved. Additionally, a theory of \(q\)-deformations for such Hopf algebras is discussed. As a generalization, co-operads with a multiplication are introduced which allow the construction of generalized functors to categories of bialgebras such that the choice of a free multiplicative structure recovers the bialgebras mentioned above. As an important special case, co-operads stemming from simplicial objects are considered. In particular, Goncharov's Hopf algebra is recovered in this way. The paper at hand is the first part in a series of two papers. It is commented that the theory can be further generalized in the realm of Feynman categories, which is the topic of the second part [\textit{I. Gálvez-Carrillo} et al., Commun. Number Theory Phys. 14, No. 1, 91--169 (2020; Zbl 1486.18032)].