Effective cones of cycles on blowups of projective space (Q346722): Difference between revisions

In this paper, the authors study the cones of higher codimension (pseudo)effective cycles on point blowups of projective space. Let \(\Gamma\) be a set of \(r\) distinct points on \({\mathbb{P}}^n\) and \(X^n_{\Gamma}\) be the blowup of \({\mathbb{P}}^n\) along \(\Gamma\). For a smooth variety \(Y\), let \(\overline{\text{Eff}}^k(Y)\) be the pseudoeffective cone of codimension-\(k\) cycles on \(Y\) and \({\overline{\text{Eff}}}_k(Y)\) be the pseudoeffective cone of dimension-\(k\) cycles. By induction on \(k\) and \(n\), the authors prove Theorem 3.1: if the \(r\) points in \(\Gamma\) are in linearly general position, and \(r\leq {\text{max}}(n+2, n+n/k)\), then \({\overline{\text{Eff}}}_k(X^n_{\Gamma})\) is linearly generated: it is the cone spanned by the classes of \(k\)-dimensional linear spaces in the exceptional divisors and the strict transforms of \(k\)-dimensional linear subspaces of \({\mathbb{P}}^n\), possibly passing through the points of \(\Gamma\). Let \(X_r^n\) be the blowup of \({\mathbb{P}}^n\) along \(\Gamma\) when \(\Gamma\) is a set of \(r\) very general points. The above theorem has the following applications. (1) If \(X_r^n\) is a Mori dream space, then \({\overline{\text{Eff}}}_k(X^n_r)\) is finitely generated. (2) The cone \({\overline{\text{Eff}}}_1(X^n_r)\) is linearly generated if and only if \(r\leq 2^n\). (3) If the SHGH conjecture holds for blowups of \({\mathbb{P}}^2\) at 10 points, then \({\overline{\text{Eff}}}^2(X^n_r)\) is not finitely generated if \(r\geq n+6\) and \(n\geq 3\). Here SHGH conjecture is Segre-Harbourne-Gimigliano-Hirschowitz conjecture: If \(r\geq 10\), \(m_1\geq m_2\geq ...\geq m_r\) and \(d>m_1+m_2+m_3\), then \[ H^0(X_r^2, dH_1-\sum^r_{i=1}m_iE_{i, 1}) =\frac{(d+1)(d+2)}{2}-\sum_{i=1}^r \frac{m_i(m_i +1)}{2}, \] where \(H_k\) is the class of a \(k\)-dimensional linear space in \({\mathbb{P}}^n\) and \(E_{i, k}\) is the class of a \(k\)-dimensional linear space contained in the exceptional divisor \(E_i\). The conclusion is that for (very) general points the higher codimension cones behave better than the cones of divisors since for the blowup \(X^n_r\) of \({\mathbb{P}}^n\), \(n>4\) at \(r\) very general points, the cone of divisors is not finitely generated when \(r>n+3\).