On \(\Delta_2\) condition for density-type topologies generated by functions (Q409692): Difference between revisions

The following modification of the density topology \(\mathcal{T}_d\) is considered. Let \(\mathcal{A}\) denote the family of all non-decreasing functions \(f:\mathbb{R}_+\to\mathbb{R}_+\) such that \(\lim_{x\to 0^+}f(x)=0\) and \(\lim_{x\to 0^+}\frac{f(x)}{x}<\infty\). For \(f\in\mathcal{A}\), a point \(x\in\mathbb{R}\) is an \(f\)-density point of a Lebesgue measurable set \(E\subset\mathbb{R}\) (\(x\in\Phi_f(E)\)) if \(\lim_{h,k\to 0^+}\frac{|(x-h,x+k)\setminus E|}{f(h+k)}=0\). (Here \(|E|\) denotes the Lebesgue measure of \(E\).) The family of all measurable sets \(A\) with \(A\subset \Phi_f(A)\) is a topology which is called the topology generated by a function \(f\) or \(f\)-density topology, see \textit{M.~Filipczak} and \textit{T.~Filipczak} [Topology Appl. 155, 1980--1989 (2008; Zbl 1157.54001)]. In the paper under review the authors investigate the algebraic properties of \(f\)-density topologies. It is clear that such topologies are invariant under translations and symmetries. Invariance under multiplication is connected with the following \(\Delta_2\) condition: \(f\in\mathcal{A}\) satisfies the \(\Delta_2\) condition if \(\lim_{x\to 0^+}\frac{f(2x)}{f(x)}<\infty\). It is shown that if \(\mathcal{T}_f\subset\mathcal{T}_d\), then \(\mathcal{T}_f\) is invariant under multiplication by non-zero numbers iff \(f\) fulfills \(\Delta_2\) condition.