Effectiveness of Siegel's theorem and the abc conjecture (Q880054): Difference between revisions

Let \(K\) be a number field, \(U\) an affine algebraic curve defined over \(K\) having Euler-Poincaré characteristic \(<0\), and \(h_U\) a height defined over \(U\) associated to a divisor of degree 1. In the paper under review, the author forms the following hypothesis: For every integer \(\delta>0\), there are real numbers \(k_1(U,h_U,\delta)>1\), \(k_2(U,h_U, \delta)>1\), and \(k_1(U,h^U,\delta)>0\), such that for every finite extension \(L/K\) with \([L:K]\leq\delta\), for every subset \(S\) of places of \(L\), and for every \(S\)-integral point \(x\) of \(U\), we have \[ [L: {\mathbb Q}]h_U(x)\leq\sum_{\wp\in S}k_1\log N_{L/{\mathbb Q}}(\wp)+k_2\log D_L+ k_3, \] where \(D_L\) is the discriminant of \(L\) and \(N_{L/{\mathbb Q}}\) the norm from \(L\) to \({\mathbb Q}\). Assuming this, he proves that for every \(a,b,c\in K \setminus\{0\}\) with \(a+b=c\), we have \[ h_K (a:b:c)\leq\eta_1\text{rad}_K(a:b:c)+ \eta_2\log D_K+\eta_3, \] where \(h_K\) denotes the usual logarithmic height over \(K\), \(\text{rad}_K(a: b:c)\) the radical of \((a:b:c)\), \(\eta_2\) depends on the degree \(d\) of Belyĭ function associated to \(U\) [\textit{G. V. Belyi}, Math. USSR, Izv. 14, 247--256 (1980); translation from Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 43, 267--276 (1979; Zbl 0409.12012)], and the numbers \(\eta_1\) and \(\eta_3\) depend on \(d\) and \([K:{\mathbf Q}]\). In the particular case where \(U= {\mathbf P}^1\backslash\{0,1,\infty\}\) the equivalence of the following results is given: \(\bullet\) a version of the abc conjecture, \(\bullet\) an upper bound for the height of the \(S\)-integral points of \({\mathbf P}^1\setminus\{0,1, \infty\}\), and \(\bullet\) an upper bound for the height of solutions of \(S\)-unit equation \(u+v=1\). Moreover, the author proves that there are real numbers \(\gamma_1\), \(\gamma_2\) and \(\gamma_3\), effectively calculable, such that for every \(a,b,c\in K\setminus\{0\}\) with \(a+b=c\), we have \[ h_K(a:b:c)\leq\exp \{\gamma_1\text{rad}_K(a:b:c)+\gamma_2\log D_K+\gamma_3\}. \] Finally, he obtains an upper bound for the height of \(S\)-integral points of \({\mathbf P}^1\setminus \{0,1,\infty\}\) and for the \(S\)-integral solutions of several classical Diophantine equations.