The Kostant structure theorems for K/k-Hopf algebras (Q1066984): Difference between revisions

Let K be a field extension of a field k. The author defines a K/k- bialgebra, which agrees with the usual notion when \(K=k\). We will not give the technical definition here, but will remark that K is identified as a k-subalgebra. Examples include: twisted monoid algebras K[G], G acting as k-algebra endomorphisms of K; algebras K[D] of differential operators, D a Lie algebra acting as k-derivations of K; the algebra of differentiation operators in one variable, where \(K=k(x)\). A K/k- bialgebra B is called a K/k-Hopf algebra if there exists a certain mapping E which would correspond to (I\(\otimes S)\Delta\) if \(K=k\) and B were a Hopf algebra with antipode S. The first main theorem is that a pointed K/k-bialgebra is Hopf if and only if its group-like elements are invertible. The other two main theorems generalize the Kostant structure theorems for pointed Hopf algebras. The first one says that a pointed cocommutative K/k-Hopf algebra is the semi-direct product of a pointed irreducible K/k-Hopf algebra and a group algebra. The second one treats pointed irreducible cocommutative K/k-bialgebras B when k has characteristic zero. B is then isomorphic to K[D] for the Lie algebra D consisting of the primitive elements of B. As a coalgebra, B is isomorphic to the divided power coalgebra on a K-basis of D.