Bilinear singular integral operators, smooth atoms and molecules (Q1416662): Difference between revisions

A bilinear operator \(T:\;{\mathcal S}\times {\mathcal S}\to {\mathcal S}'\) is called a bilinear operator with a Calderón-Zygmund kernel \(K\), if there is a function \(K\) defined away from the diagonal \(x=y=z\) in \((\mathbb R^n)^3\) satisfying some size condition and such that \[ T(f,g)(x)=\int_{{\mathbb R}^n\times{\mathbb R}^n} K(x,y,z)f(y)g(z)\,dydz, \] where \(f, g\in {\mathcal D}\) and \(x \notin \text{ supp}\,(f)\cap \text{ supp}\,(g)\). Let \(T^{*1}\) and \(T^{*2}\) be two formal transposes of \(T\), defined via \[ \langle T(f,g),h\rangle=\langle T^{*1}(h,g),f\rangle=\langle T^{*2}(f,h),g\rangle \] for all \(f, g, h\in {\mathcal S}\). For \(l\in \mathbb Z_+\), define \[ {\mathcal D}_l=\left\{\varphi\in {\mathcal D}:\;\int_{\mathbb R^n}x^\gamma\varphi(x)\,dx=0,\;\forall\; | \gamma| \leq 1\right\}. \] In this paper, by using atomic decomposition characterization of Triebel-Lizorkin spaces and introducing a suitable concept of bilinear weak boundedness, which is satisfied by a linear operator with Calderón-Zygmund kernel satisfying the antisymmetric conditions, the author establishes the following reduced bilinear \(T1\) theorem in the general context of Triebel-Lizorkin spaces: Let \(T\) be a bilinear operator associated with a Calderón-Zygmund kernel. Assume that (i) \(T,\,T^{*1},\,T^{*2}\) satisfy the bilinear weak boundedness property; (ii) \(T(y^\alpha,g)=T(f,z^\alpha)=0\) as distributions on \({\mathcal D}_{| \alpha| }\) and (iii) \(T^{*i}(y^\alpha,g)=T^{*i}(f,z^\alpha)=0,\;i=1,\, 2\), as distributions on \({\mathcal D}_{| \alpha| }\) for all \(f,g\in {\mathcal D}(\mathbb R^n)\) and \(| \alpha| \leq 1\). Then \(T\) can be extended as a bounded operator from \(\dot F^{0,s_1}_p\times\dot F^{0,s_2}_q\) into \(\dot F^{0,s_3}_r\), where \(1<p, q, r<\infty,\) \(1/p+1/q=1/r,\) \(1<s_1, s_2\leq \infty,\) \(1\leq s_3<\infty\) and \(1/s_1+1/s_2=1/s_3\).