On a joint generalization of Cauchy's and d'Alembert's functional equations (Q1188299): Difference between revisions

Let \(G(\cdot)\) be a compact group with a Haar measure \(m\) and let \(X(+)\) be a locally compact Abelian group with a Haar measure \(M\). \(X\) is said to be a \(G\)-space if there is a map (an action of \(G\) on \(X\)) \((g,x)\to gx\) (form \(G\times X\) to \(X\)) such that \(g(hx)=(gh)x\), \(ex=x\), \(g(x+y)=gx+gy\) for all \(x,y\in X\), \(g,h\in G\) with a neutral element \(e\). Then the author studies the (integral) functional equation of the form \[ \int_ G f(x+gy)dm(g)=f(x)f(y), \qquad x,y\in X\tag{*} \] [earlier studied by \textit{W. Chojnacki}, Colloq. Math. 55, 169-178 (1988; Zbl 0668.39005)]. Result 1. If \(G(\cdot)\) is a finite group and \(X=\mathbb{R}\), then (*) is (up to a constant factor) either Cauchy \((f(x+y)=f(x)f(y))\) or d'Alembert's \((f(x+y)+f(x-y)=2f(x)f(y))\) functional equation. Result 2. Let \(\gamma\) be a measure in \(M(G,X)\) (the space consisting of all measures \(\gamma\in M(X)\)) such that \(\gamma(gA)=\gamma(A))\). Then the only \(M\)-essentially non-zero solution in \(L^ \infty(X)\) of (**) \(\int_ G(f*\gamma_{gy})(x)dm(g)=f(x)f(y)\) are functions of the form \(f(x)=\int G(\chi*\gamma_{gy})(0)dm(g)\) where \(\chi\) is a character of \(X\).