On the various decompositions of continuous and some weakly continuous functions (Q1917164): Difference between revisions

A subset \(A\) of a topological space \(X\) is said to be preopen (resp. semi-open, \(\alpha\)-open, pre-semi-open \(\beta\)-open) if \(A \subset \text{Int(Cl}(A))\) (resp. \(A \subset \text{Cl(Int}(A))\), \(A \subset \text{Int(Cl(Int}(A)))\), \(A \subset \text{Cl(Int(Cl}(A)))\)). The union of all preopen (resp. semi-open, \(\alpha\)-open) sets contained in \(A\) is called the preinterior (resp. semi-interior, \(\alpha\)-interior) of \(A\) and is denoted by \(\text{pInt}(A)\) (resp. \(\text{sInt}(A)\), \(\alpha \text{Int}(A))\). We denote \(\text{spInt}(A) = A \cap (\text{Cl(Int}(A)) \cup \text{Int(Cl}(A)))\) and \(\text{psInt}(A) = A \cap \text{Cl(Int(Cl} (A)))\). In [the second author, ibid. 61, 93-98 (1993; Zbl 0820.54006)] the following classes of sets were introduced: \(D(c,\alpha) = \{B \subset X : \text{Int}(B) = \alpha \text{ Int}(B)\}\), \(D(c,p)= \{B\subset X: \text{Int} (B)= \text{pInt} (B)\}\), \(D(\alpha, p)= \{B\subset X: \text{Int} (B)= \text{pInt} (B)\}\). In this paper the authors introduce the following collections of subsets of \(X : D(c,s) = \{B \subset X: \text{Int }(B) = \text{sInt}(B)\}\), \(D(c,ps) = \{A \subset X : \text{Int}(A) = \text{psInt} (A)\}\), \(D(\alpha, ps) = \{A \subset X : \alpha \text{ Int}(A) = \text{psInt}(A))\}\), \(D(\alpha,s) = \{A \subset X: \alpha \text{ Int}(A) = \text{sInt}(A)\}\), \(D(c,s.p) = \{A \subset X : \text{Int}(A) = \text{sInt}(A) \cap \text{pInt}(A)\}\), \(D(\alpha, s.p) = \{A \subset X: \alpha \text{Int}(A)\} = \text{sInt}(A) \cap \text{pInt}(A)\), \(D(p,ps) = \{A \subset X: \text{pInt}(A) = \text{psInt}(A)\}\), \(D(p,sp) = \{A \subset X: \text{pInt}(A) = \text{spInt}(A)\}\), \(D(sp,ps) = \{A \subset X ; \text{spInt} (A) = \text{psInt}(A)\}\). The relations between the different classes of the newly defined sets are given in a diagram. A function \(f : X \to Y\) is called \(\alpha\)-continuous (resp. precontinuous, semi-continuous) if the inverse image of every open set in \(Y\) under \(f\) is \(\alpha\)-open (resp. preopen, semiopen). A function \(f: X \to Y\) is pre-semi-continuous (resp. semi-pre-continuous) if for every open set \(V\) of \(Y\), \(f^{-1}(V) \in \text{PSO} (X)\) (resp. \(f^{-1}(V) \in \text{SPO}(X))\), where \(\text{SPO}(X) = \{A \subset X : A = \text{spInt}(A)\}\) (resp. \(\text{PSO}(X) = \{A \subset X : A = \text{psInt}(A)\}\). A function \(f : X \to Y\) is \(D\)-continuous if for every open set \(V\) of \(Y\), the set \(f^{-1}(V)\) belongs to \(D\), where \(D\) is a collection of subsets of \(X\). The authors obtain the following new decompositions of continuity, \(\alpha\)-continuity, semi-continuity, precontinuity, pre-semi-continuity: Theorem 1. For a function \(f : X \to Y\) the following conditions are equivalent: (1) \(f\) is continuous, (2) \(f\) is semi-continuous and \(D(c,s)\) continuous, (3) \(f\) is precontinuous and \(D(c,p)\)-continuous, (4) \(f\) is pre-semi-continuous and \(D(c,ps)\)-continuous, (5) \(f\) is \(\alpha\)-continuous and \(D(c,\alpha)\) continuous, (6) \(f\) is \(\alpha\)-continuous and \(D(c,s)\)-continuous. Theorem 2. For a function \(f : X \to Y\) the following conditions are equivalent: (1) \(f\) is \(\alpha\)-continuous, (2) \(f\) is precontinuous and \(D(\alpha,p)\)-continuous, (3) \(f\) is semi-continuous and \(D(\alpha,s)\)-continuous, (4) \(f\) is pre-semi-continuous and \(D(\alpha,ps)\)-continuous. Theorem 3. For a function \(f : X \to Y\) the following conditions are equivalent: (1) \(f\) is semi-continuous, (2) \(f\) is semi-pre-continuous and \(D(p,ps)\)-continuous. Theorem 4. For a function \(f : X \to Y\) the following conditions are equivalent: (1) \(f\) is precontinuous, (2) \(f\) is semi-pre-continuous and \(D(p,sp)\)-continuous, (3) \(f\) is pre-semi-continuous and \(D(p,ps)\)-continuous. Theorem 5. A function \(f : X \to Y\) is pre-semi-continuous \((= \beta\) continuous) if and only if it is semi-pre-continuous) and \(D(sp,ps)\)-continuous. Theorem 6. For a function \(f : X \to Y\) the following conditions are equivalent: (1) \(f\) is continuous, (2) \(f\) is \(\alpha\)-continuous and \(D(c,s.p)\)-continuous, (3) \(f\) is precontinuous, semi-continuous and \(D(c,s.p)\)-continuous.