Hall polynomials for the representation-finite hereditary algebras (Q1173874): Difference between revisions

Let \(k\) be a field and \(A\) a finite-dimensional hereditary \(k\)-algebra of finite representation type. Then \(A\) is Morita equivalent to the tensor algebra of a \(k\)-species with underlying graph \(\Delta\) a disjoint union of Dynkin diagrams, and the set of isoclasses of indecomposable \(A\)- modules corresponds bijectively to the set \(\Phi^ +\) of positive roots of the corresponding semisimple complex Lie algebra \(\mathfrak g\). The Grothendieck group \(K(A\text{-mod})\) of all finitely generated \(A\)- modules modulo split exact sequences is the free abelian group with basis indexed by \(\Phi^ +\). The author has shown in his paper [in Topics in algebra Pt. 1: Rings and representations of algebras, Pap. 31st Semester Class. Algebraic Struct., Warsaw/Poland 1988, Banach Cent. Publ. 26, Part 1, 433-447 (1990; Zbl 0778.16004)] that \(K(A\text{-mod})\) can be considered in a natural way as a Lie algebra by using as structure constants the evaluations of Hall polynomials at 1. The main result in the reviewed paper is to show that this Lie algebra \(K(A\text{-mod})\) can be identified with a Chevalley \(Z\)-form of \({\mathfrak n}_ +\), where \({\mathfrak n}_ +\) appears in a triangular decomposition of the Lie algebra \({\mathfrak g} = {\mathfrak n}_ +\oplus {\mathfrak h}\oplus {\mathfrak n}_ -\) with respect to a Cartan subalgebra \(\mathfrak h\). Thus \(K(A\text{-mod})\otimes C\) and \({\mathfrak n}_ +\) are isomorphic as Lie algebras. Since the structure constants of the Lie algebra \(K(A\text{-mod})\) are related to Hall polynomials, the main attention in the paper is concentrated on the determination of all possible polynomials which occur as Hall polynomials for the algebra \(A\). In fact, the author has done something more general, namely, he determined all such polynomials for representation-directed \(k\)-algebras. (There are precisely 16 different polynomials and the absolute values of their evaluations at 1 is bounded by 3.) Thus the paper provides not only a convenient way of exhibiting structure constants for the semisimple complex Lie algebra \(\mathfrak g\), but also some new information on the representation theory of representation-directed algebras.