On polyquadratic twists of \(X_0(N)\) (Q740876): Difference between revisions

The work of the paper is closely connected with an earlier investigation by \textit{J. S. Ellenberg} [Prog. Math. 224, 93--103 (2004; Zbl 1166.11329)] and by the author [Acta Arith. 152, 323-348 (2012; Zbl )] into the rational points of the twisted modular curves \(X_{0}^{\zeta}(N)\) and certain \({\mathcal Q}\)-curves parameterized by the points. Let \((m_{1}, \ldots , m_{k})\) be pairwise relatively prime squarefree, positive integers, \( d_{1}, \ldots , d_{k} \) relatively prime squarefree integers, \(N = \prod_{ i = 1}^k m_{i}\), \({\mathcal K} = {\mathcal Q}(\sqrt{d_{1}}, \ldots ,\sqrt{d_{k}})\). The cocycle \({\zeta}: \mathrm{Gal}({\mathcal K}/{\mathcal Q}) \to \mathrm{Aut}(X_{0}(N)) \) sends \(\sigma_{i} \in \mathrm{Gal}({\mathcal K}/{\mathcal Q}) \) to the Atkin-Lehner involutions \(w_{m_{i}} \in \mathrm{Aut}(X_{0}(N)) \). The reader interested in the Atkin-Lehner involutions is referred to the section 2 of the paper by \textit{X. Guitart} and \textit{M. Masdeu} [J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 90, No. 2, 495--524 (2014; Zbl 1306.11051)]. The global points of \(X_{0}^{\zeta}(N)({\mathcal Q})\) can be tackled by looking for points of \(X_{0}^{\zeta}(N)({\mathcal Q}_{p})\) and the validity of the Hasse principle. Some new results on the Hasse principle has been proven by \textit{Y. Hu} [J. Ramanujan Math. Soc. 29, No. 2, 155--199 (2014; Zbl 1320.11033)]. In the case of the good reduction, the main result of this paper is Theorem 2.6 that gives sufficient conditions on the existence of local points, i.e., when \(X_{0}^{\zeta}(N)({\mathcal Q}_{p})\) is non-empty for some prime \(p\). In the case of bad reduction the main result on the existence of local points is Theorem 3.1. As the author points out, many of analogous results can be obtained from the thesis by \textit{J. Stankewicz} [Twists of Shimura curves. Athens: University of Georgia (PhD Thesis) (2012)]. Next in the section 4, the author gives the specification of the algorithm which produces \(X_{0}^{\zeta}(N)\) with \({\mathcal Q}_{p}\)-points for every prime \(p\). Section 5 is concerned with asymptotic results for the number of biquadratic twists \(X_{0}^{\zeta}(N)\) that has local points everywhere but no global points. In section 6, the author gives examples of `twists which have local points everywhere but no global points'. The section closes with an example of the quadratic twist of \(X_{0}(26)\) by \({\mathcal Q}(\sqrt{-1})\) and \(w_{26}\) does not have any `non-exceptional' rational points.