The additive group of a Lie nilpotent associative ring. (Q2438357): Difference between revisions

Let \(\mathbb Z\langle X\rangle\) be the free unital associative ring freely generated by an infinite countable set \(X=\{x_1,x_2,\ldots\}\). Let \(T^{(n)}\) be the T-ideal of \(\mathbb Z\langle X\rangle\) generated by the left-normed commutator \([x_1,\ldots,x_{n-1},x_n]=[[x_1,\ldots,x_{n-1}],x_n]\), i.e., the two-sided ideal of \(\mathbb Z\langle X\rangle\) generated by all \([a_1,\ldots,a_{n-1},a_n]\), \(a_i\in\mathbb Z\langle X\rangle\). Clearly, the factor ring \(\mathbb Z\langle X\rangle/T^{(2)}\) is isomorphic to the polynomial ring \(\mathbb Z[X]\). Hence its additive group is free Abelian and has no torsion. The recent paper [\textit{S. Bhupatiraju} et al., J. Algebra 372, 251-274 (2012; Zbl 1320.16012)] gives that the additive group of \(\mathbb Z\langle X\rangle/T^{(3)}\) is also free Abelian. In the paper under review the author studies the next case \(\mathbb Z\langle X\rangle/T^{(4)}\). A new phenomenon appears. It has turned out that the additive group of \(\mathbb Z\langle X\rangle/T^{(4)}\) has 3-torsion. In particular, the element \([x_1,x_2,x_3][x_4,x_5]\) does not belong to \(T^{(4)}\) but \(3[x_1,x_2,x_3][x_4,x_5]\in T^{(4)}\). More precisely, let \(T^{(3,2)}\) be the T-ideal of \(\mathbb Z\langle X\rangle\) generated by the polynomials \([x_1,x_2,x_3,x_4]\) and \([x_1,x_2,x_3][x_4,x_5]\). Then the additive group of \(\mathbb Z\langle X\rangle/T^{(3,2)}\) is free Abelian and the additive group of \(T^{(3,2)}/T^{(4)}\) is an elementary Abelian 3-group. The paper contains also some conjectures about the additive structure of \(\mathbb Z\langle X\rangle/T^{(n)}\) for arbitrary \(n\).