Degree of homogeneity on suspensions (Q719518): Difference between revisions

Let \(\mathcal H(X)\) denote the group of homeomorphisms of a topological space \(X\) onto itself. An orbit of \(X\) for a given point \(x\in X\) is the set \(\{h(x) \;| \;h\in \mathcal H(X)\}\). For a positive integer \(n\), a space \(X\) is said to be \(\frac{1}{n}\)-homogeneous provided that \(X\) has exactly \(n\) orbits. The degree of homogeneity of a space \(X\), \(d_H(X)\), is the number of orbits of \(X\). \(\mathcal O_X(x)\) denotes the orbit of \(X\) that contains \(x\). For a topological space \(X\) the suspension of \(X\), \(Sus(X)\), is the quotion space that is obtained by identifying all the points \((x,1)\) in \(X\times [-1,1]\) to a single point, and all the points \((x,-1)\) to another point. Let \(m\in \mathbb N\), \(m\geq 3\) and let \(X\) be a discrete \(m\)-point space. Then \(\theta_m\) is a suspension over \(X\). A dendrite is a Peano continuum that contains no simple closed curve. A local dendrite is a continuum for which each of its points has a neighborhood that is a dendrite. For a local dendrite \(X\), \(E(X)\) denotes the set of all end points of \(X\). The following is the main results of the paper. Let \(X\) be a local dendrite. Then: 1. If \(d_H(X)\) is finite or \(X\in \{I, S^1\}\cup \{\theta_m \;| \;m\in \mathbb N\}\), then \(d_h(Sus(X))=d_H(X)\). 2. If \(d_H(X)=n\) for some \(n\in \mathbb N\) and \(X\notin \{I, S^1\}\cup \{\theta_m \;| \;m\in \mathbb N\}\), then \(d_h(Sus(X))=d_H(X)+1\). \- The following interesting results follow from the above result. 1. If \(X\) is a local dendrite such that \(E(X)\neq \emptyset\), then \(Sus(X)\) is not \(\frac{1}{3}\)-homogeneous. 2. There is no dendrite with \(\frac{1}{3}\)-homogeneous suspension. 3. If \(X\) is a local dendrite with \(\frac{1}{3}\)-homogeneous suspension, then \(X\) is a \(\frac{1}{2}\)-homogeneous finite graph, different from \(I\) and \(\theta_m\) for each \(m\in \mathbb N\).