Holonomic and perverse logarithmic D-modules (Q1731569): Difference between revisions

The sheaf of logarithmic derivations \(T_X\) on a smooth log-scheme generates a (sheaf of ) ring(s) \({\mathcal D}_X\) of logarithmic differential operators. The ring \({\mathcal D}_X\) has many similarities with the usual ring of differential operators on a smooth variety, such as a nice filtrations with a commutative graded ring and hence the notion of characteristic variety of a coherent \({\mathcal D}_X\)-modules \( \mathcal{F}\), and one can define a duality operation \({\mathbb D}: \operatorname {D}^b_{\operatorname {coh}}({\mathcal D}_X)\to \operatorname {D}^b_{\operatorname {coh}}({\mathcal D}_X) \) (especially when \(X\) is smooth in the usual sense) on the bounded derived category of coherent \({\mathcal D}_X\)-modules, where the degrees of the dual complex is controlled by the dimension of the characteristic variety \({\operatorname {Ch}} (\mathcal{F})\). There are however too many modules (typically \({\mathcal D}_X\)-modules that are supported along a stratum of the logarithmic stratification) for the Bernstein equality to hold, namely that \(\dim {\operatorname {Ch}} (\mathcal{F})\) should be no smaller than \( \dim X \). The authors instead prove that each irreducible component \(Z\) of \({\operatorname {Ch}} (\mathcal{F})\) satisfies \(\log \dim Z \geq \log \dim X\) where the logarithmic dimension is defined from a natural toric structure and the logarithmic (one ``adds'' the codimension of the strata to the usual dimension). This naturally gives rise to the category of (log) holonomic \({\mathcal D}_X\)-modules and it is a natural question to describe the structure of the dual of a holonomic module. It turns out that the homology of the dual of a holonomic module is now not concentrated in a single degree and instead it ends up in the heart of a certain t-structure that the authors define on \( \operatorname {D}^b _{\operatorname {coh}}({\mathcal D}_X)\), much inspired by Kashiwara's description of the trivial t-structure on the category of constructible sheaves corresponds on the \({\mathcal D}\)-side in the Riemann-Hilbert correspondence [\textit{M. Kashiwara}, Mosc. Math. J. 4, No. 4, 847--868 (2004; Zbl 1073.14023)]. Finally the authors extend the notion of a ``Gabber'' filtration on a coherent but not necessarily holonomic \({\mathcal D}_X\)-module to apply also to the log situation: the module of the graded module over the commutative ring \({\operatorname {gr}}\ {\mathcal D}_X\) has a natural filtration by supports; this in turn induces a filtration on \(\mathcal{F}\) itself. The author's prove that for a certain class of coherent \({\mathcal D}_X\)-modules the Gabber filtration coincedes with a filtration determined by truncation with respect the above mentioned t-structure, conjugated with duality, \(H^0({\mathbb D} \tau^p_{\geq -i} {\mathbb D}(\mathcal{F}))\to\mathcal{F} \) (the latter is here called the Sato-Kashiwara filtration).