How fast can a Blaschke product tend to zero, and where? (Q380809): Difference between revisions

A Blaschke product in the open unit disk \(\mathbb{D}\) is given by \[ B(z) = z^k \prod_n \frac{\bar{a}_n}{|a_n|}\frac{a_n-z}{1-\bar{a}_nz}\,, \] where \(0<|a_n|<1\) and \(\sum_n (1-|a_n|)<\infty\). Then \(B\) defines a holomorphic function in \(\mathbb{D}\) with \(|B(z)| \leq 1\) for all \(z \in \mathbb{D}\), and there is a measurable function \(B_\mathbb{T}\) of modulus \(1\) on the unit circle \(\mathbb{T}\) such that \[ \lim_{r \to 1-}{B(re^{i\theta})} = B_{\mathbb{T}}(e^{i\theta}) \] for almost all \(e^{i\theta} \in \mathbb{T}\). Of course it might happen that \(\lim_{r \to 1-}{B(re^{i\theta})}=0\) for some \(e^{i\theta} \in \mathbb{T}\). In the first section of this paper the authors give new proves of the following two facts. If \(\varepsilon : [0,1) \to (0,\infty)\) is a function with \(\lim_{x \to 1-}{\varepsilon(x)}=0\) and if \(c\) is a positive constant, then there exists a Blaschke product \(B\) such that \[ |B(x)| < c\exp{\left(-\varepsilon(x)\,\frac{1+x}{1-x}\right)}\quad \text{for}\quad x \in [0,1). \] If \(\varepsilon\) and \(C\) are positive constants, then there is no Blaschke product \(B\) such that \[ |B(x)| \leq C\exp{\left(-\varepsilon\,\frac{1+x}{1-x}\right)}\quad \text{for}\quad x \in [0,1). \] In the second part the authors consider the set \(Z(B)\) of points \(e^{i\theta} \in \mathbb{T}\) for which \(\lim_{r \to 1-}{B(re^{i\theta})}=0\) and the set \(\mathbf{Z}\) of all sets \(E \subset \mathbb{T}\) such that \(E=Z(B)\) for some Blaschke product \(B\). Furthermore, they use the following notations. Let \(X\) be a class of subsets of \(\mathbb{T}\). Then \(X_\delta\) is the class of sets which are countable intersections of elements of \(X\), and \(X_\sigma\) is the class of sets which are countable unions of elements of \(X\). Finally, let \(F\) be the class of closed subsets of \(\mathbb{T}\), let \(G\) be the class of open subsets of \(\mathbb{T}\), and let \(F^0\) be the class of closed subsets of \(\mathbb{T}\) which have Legesgue measure \(0\). Then the main result states that \[ (F^0)_\sigma \subset \mathbf{Z} \subset \left((F^0)_\sigma\right)_\delta\,. \] Furthermore, there is no dense \(G_\delta\) in \(\mathbf{Z}\).