A poset view of the major index. (Q472919): Difference between revisions
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Property / author: Margaret A. Readdy / rank | |||
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This paper extends the combinatorial major index statistic to posets. The main object of study is the \textit{major MacMahon map} \(\Theta\colon\mathbb Z\langle\mathbf{a,b}\rangle\to\mathbb Z[q]\), which is defined on a word in the noncommuting variables \(\mathbf a\) and \(\mathbf b\) by \(\Theta(w):=\prod_{i:w_i=\mathbf b}q^i\) and is extended to the ring of non-commuting polynomials in \(\mathbf a\) and \(\mathbf b\) by linearity. The connection to posets comes about in the following way. Let \(P\) be a graded poset of rank \(n+1\) with a minimal element \(\widehat 0\) and a maximal element \(\widehat 1\). The \(\mathbf{ab}\)-index of \(P\), \(\Psi(P)\in\mathbb Z\langle\mathbf{a,b}\rangle\), encodes useful combinatorial information about \(P\). Hence it is interesting to apply the major MacMahon map to the \(\mathbf{ab}\)-index of such a poset. The authors show that if \(P\) is a graded simplicial poset, then \(\Theta(\Psi(P))=[n]!\cdot h(P)\), where \(h(P)\) is the \(h\)-polynomial of \(P\) (written as a polynomial in the variable \(q\)) and \([n]!\) is the \(q\)-analogue of \(n!\). Next, the authors show that if \(P\) is a graded poset of rank \(m\) and \(Q\) is a graded poset of rank \(n\), then \[ \Theta(\Psi(P\times Q))={m+n\choose n}\cdot\Theta(\Psi(P))\cdot\Theta(\Psi(Q)). \] They apply this to products of chain posets to give a poset proof of MacMahon's classical result that if \(\alpha=(\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_k)\) is a composition of \(n\), then \[ \sum_\pi q^{\text{maj}(\pi)}=\frac{[n]!}{[\alpha_1]!\cdot [\alpha_2]!\cdots [\alpha_k]!}, \] where the sum is taken over all permutations of the multiset containing \(\alpha_i\) instances of the number \(i\) for all \(1\leq i\leq k\). | |||
Property / review text: This paper extends the combinatorial major index statistic to posets. The main object of study is the \textit{major MacMahon map} \(\Theta\colon\mathbb Z\langle\mathbf{a,b}\rangle\to\mathbb Z[q]\), which is defined on a word in the noncommuting variables \(\mathbf a\) and \(\mathbf b\) by \(\Theta(w):=\prod_{i:w_i=\mathbf b}q^i\) and is extended to the ring of non-commuting polynomials in \(\mathbf a\) and \(\mathbf b\) by linearity. The connection to posets comes about in the following way. Let \(P\) be a graded poset of rank \(n+1\) with a minimal element \(\widehat 0\) and a maximal element \(\widehat 1\). The \(\mathbf{ab}\)-index of \(P\), \(\Psi(P)\in\mathbb Z\langle\mathbf{a,b}\rangle\), encodes useful combinatorial information about \(P\). Hence it is interesting to apply the major MacMahon map to the \(\mathbf{ab}\)-index of such a poset. The authors show that if \(P\) is a graded simplicial poset, then \(\Theta(\Psi(P))=[n]!\cdot h(P)\), where \(h(P)\) is the \(h\)-polynomial of \(P\) (written as a polynomial in the variable \(q\)) and \([n]!\) is the \(q\)-analogue of \(n!\). Next, the authors show that if \(P\) is a graded poset of rank \(m\) and \(Q\) is a graded poset of rank \(n\), then \[ \Theta(\Psi(P\times Q))={m+n\choose n}\cdot\Theta(\Psi(P))\cdot\Theta(\Psi(Q)). \] They apply this to products of chain posets to give a poset proof of MacMahon's classical result that if \(\alpha=(\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_k)\) is a composition of \(n\), then \[ \sum_\pi q^{\text{maj}(\pi)}=\frac{[n]!}{[\alpha_1]!\cdot [\alpha_2]!\cdots [\alpha_k]!}, \] where the sum is taken over all permutations of the multiset containing \(\alpha_i\) instances of the number \(i\) for all \(1\leq i\leq k\). / rank | |||
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Property / reviewed by | |||
Property / reviewed by: Steven Klee / rank | |||
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Property / Mathematics Subject Classification ID | |||
Property / Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 06A07 / rank | |||
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Property / Mathematics Subject Classification ID | |||
Property / Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 05A05 / rank | |||
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Property / Mathematics Subject Classification ID | |||
Property / Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 52B05 / rank | |||
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Property / zbMATH DE Number | |||
Property / zbMATH DE Number: 6371537 / rank | |||
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Property / zbMATH Keywords | |||
major index | |||
Property / zbMATH Keywords: major index / rank | |||
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signed permutations | |||
Property / zbMATH Keywords: signed permutations / rank | |||
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Boolean algebras of cross-polytopes | |||
Property / zbMATH Keywords: Boolean algebras of cross-polytopes / rank | |||
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face lattices of cross-polytopes | |||
Property / zbMATH Keywords: face lattices of cross-polytopes / rank | |||
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simplicial posets | |||
Property / zbMATH Keywords: simplicial posets / rank | |||
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principal specializations | |||
Property / zbMATH Keywords: principal specializations / rank | |||
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graded posets | |||
Property / zbMATH Keywords: graded posets / rank | |||
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Revision as of 18:09, 30 June 2023
scientific article
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English | A poset view of the major index. |
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Statements
A poset view of the major index. (English)
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20 November 2014
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This paper extends the combinatorial major index statistic to posets. The main object of study is the \textit{major MacMahon map} \(\Theta\colon\mathbb Z\langle\mathbf{a,b}\rangle\to\mathbb Z[q]\), which is defined on a word in the noncommuting variables \(\mathbf a\) and \(\mathbf b\) by \(\Theta(w):=\prod_{i:w_i=\mathbf b}q^i\) and is extended to the ring of non-commuting polynomials in \(\mathbf a\) and \(\mathbf b\) by linearity. The connection to posets comes about in the following way. Let \(P\) be a graded poset of rank \(n+1\) with a minimal element \(\widehat 0\) and a maximal element \(\widehat 1\). The \(\mathbf{ab}\)-index of \(P\), \(\Psi(P)\in\mathbb Z\langle\mathbf{a,b}\rangle\), encodes useful combinatorial information about \(P\). Hence it is interesting to apply the major MacMahon map to the \(\mathbf{ab}\)-index of such a poset. The authors show that if \(P\) is a graded simplicial poset, then \(\Theta(\Psi(P))=[n]!\cdot h(P)\), where \(h(P)\) is the \(h\)-polynomial of \(P\) (written as a polynomial in the variable \(q\)) and \([n]!\) is the \(q\)-analogue of \(n!\). Next, the authors show that if \(P\) is a graded poset of rank \(m\) and \(Q\) is a graded poset of rank \(n\), then \[ \Theta(\Psi(P\times Q))={m+n\choose n}\cdot\Theta(\Psi(P))\cdot\Theta(\Psi(Q)). \] They apply this to products of chain posets to give a poset proof of MacMahon's classical result that if \(\alpha=(\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_k)\) is a composition of \(n\), then \[ \sum_\pi q^{\text{maj}(\pi)}=\frac{[n]!}{[\alpha_1]!\cdot [\alpha_2]!\cdots [\alpha_k]!}, \] where the sum is taken over all permutations of the multiset containing \(\alpha_i\) instances of the number \(i\) for all \(1\leq i\leq k\).
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major index
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signed permutations
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Boolean algebras of cross-polytopes
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face lattices of cross-polytopes
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simplicial posets
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principal specializations
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graded posets
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