The genus field of an algebraic function field (Q1183278): Difference between revisions

Let \(k=\mathbb{F}(T)\) be the rational function field over the finite field \(\mathbb{F}_q\), \(\ell\) a prime dividing \(q-1\), and \(K\) a cyclic extension of degree \(\ell\). In this paper the author develops the genus theory of \(K/k\) as the analogy to that of quadratic number fields over \(\mathbb{Q}\). As is well known the class field theory is developed not only for algebraic number fields but also for algebraic function fields over a finite field. The proper analogy of the genus theory of algebraic number fields, which is in the context of class field theory, however, is not obtained for algebraic function fields over a finite field since the maximal unramified abelian extension of a function field is of infinite degree. To get around this the author selects an infinite prime \(\infty\) and considers an extension characterized by \(\infty\): Let \(\infty\) denote the prime of \(k\) corresponding to \(1/T\), \(\theta_K\) the integral closure of \(\mathbb{F}_q[T]\) in \(K\), and \(\infty_1,\ldots,\infty_i\) the prime divisors of \(\infty\) in \(K\). Put \[ \Delta=\{(\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_i)\in\prod^i_{j=1}K_{\infty_j}\mid N_{K_{\infty_1}\times\cdots\times K_{\infty_i}/k_\infty}(\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_i)\in k_\infty^{*\ell}\}. \] Then \(H^{(+)}\), which gives the analogy for the Hilbert class field in narrow sense, is defined as the class field over \(K\) corresponding to the subgroup \(K^*(\Delta\times\Pi_{\mathfrak p}U_{\mathfrak p})\) of the idele group of \(K\), where \(U_{\mathfrak p}\) denotes the unit group in the completion at a prime ideal \(\mathfrak p\) of \(\theta_K\). Using \(H^{(+)}\) the genus field \(\Gamma\) of \(K/k\) is defined as the maximal abelian extension \(k\) contained in \(H^{(+)}\). In this situation the author shows that this \(\Gamma\) gives an analogy of the genus fields of quadratic number fields over \(\mathbb{Q}\) by giving the explicit expression of \(\Gamma\), calculating the number of the ambiguous classes, and characterizing the ideals of \(k\) which split completely in \(\Gamma\).