Subnormal solutions of second-order nonhomogeneous linear differential equations with periodic coefficients (Q1035499): Difference between revisions

The authors consider subnormal solutions second order nonhomogeneous linear differential equations of the form \[ f''+(P_{1}(e^{z})+Q_{1}(e^{-z}))f'+(P_{2}(e^{z})+Q_{2}(e^{-z}))f=R_{1}(e^{z})+R_{2}(e^{-z}), \] where \(P_{1},P_{2},Q_{1},Q_{2},R_{1},R_{2}\) are polynomials, while not all of \(P_{1},P_{2},Q_{1},Q_{2}\) are constants. Recalling the definition due to [\textit{H. Wittich}, Nagoya Math. J. 30, 29--37 (1967; Zbl 0219.34005)], a solution is called subnormal whenever \(\limsup_{r\rightarrow\infty}\log^{+}T(r,f)/r=0\). It is shown that if the degrees of the polynomials \(P_{1},P_{2}\) satisfy deg \(P_{1}>\) deg \(P_{2}\), then a subnormal solution \(f\) must be of the form \[ f(z)=e^{\beta z}(g_{1}e^{z}+g_{2}e^{-z}), \] where \(\beta\) is a constant and \(g_{1}(z),g_{2}(z)\) are polynomials in \(z\), provided deg \(P_{1}>\) deg \(R_{1}\). On the other hand, if deg \(P_{1}\leq\) deg \(R_{1}\), then \(f\) must be of the form \[ f(z)=e^{\beta z}(g_{1}e^{z}+g_{2}e^{-z})+c_{1}z(g_{3}e^{-z}+g_{4}e^{-z})+g_{0}(e^{z}). \] Concerning the case when deg \(P_{1}\leq\) deg \(P_{2}\), see [\textit{Huang, Xia, Li} and \textit{Chen}, Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simulat. 15, 881--885 (2010)].