Some results on similarities in \({\mathbb{R}}^ n\) (Q1105070): Difference between revisions

The author considers a subset similar (in the sense of elementary geometry) in \({\mathbb{R}}^ n\) to a given finite or countable set. The sets \(E,E'\subset {\mathbb{R}}^ n\) are said to be similar in the sense of elementary geometry, if there exists a one-to-one function \(f: E\to E'\) and a positive real number K, such that \(\| f(x)-f(y)\| =K\| x- y\| \text{ for } x,y\in E,\) where \(\| \cdot \|\) denotes the usual Euclidean norm in \({\mathbb{R}}^ n.\) A subset \(A\subset {\mathbb{R}}^ n\) is called a Baire set, if it can be expressed in the form \(A=(G\setminus P)\cup Q,\) where G is an open set and P, Q are sets of the first Baire category in \({\mathbb{R}}^ n.\) ``Baire property'' of subsets is defined as usual. Typical are the following three theorems. Theorem 1. If \(E=\{x_ 1,x_ 2,...,x_ q\}\) is a finite set in \({\mathbb{R}}^ n,\) then every measurable set \(A\subset {\mathbb{R}}^ n\) with \(m(A)>0\) contains a finite subset similar to E where m is the Lebesgue measure. Theorem 3. Let A, B be subsets of the second category in \({\mathbb{R}}^ n\) having the Baire property and \(\{\alpha_ n\}^{\infty}_{n=1}(\alpha_ n\neq 0,\) \(n=1,2,..)\) be a bounded sequence of real numbers. Then there exist two spheres \(K_ 1\) (with center of origin) and \(K_ 2\), such that for every sequence \(\{x_ n\}^{\infty}_{n=1}\) in \(K_ 1\) and every sequence \(\{z_ n\}^{\infty}_{n=1}\) in \(K_ 2\) there exist vectors \(a_ k(x_ 1,x_ 2,...;z_ 1,z_ 2,...)\in A\) and \(b_ k(x_ 1,x_ 2,...;z_ 1,z_ 2,...)\in B\) \((k=1,2,...)\) such that \(x_ k=\{b_ k-a_ k-z_ k\}/\alpha_ k\) for \(k=1,2,... \). Theorem 5. Let E be a set of three points in \({\mathbb{R}}^ n.\) Then every set \(S\subset {\mathbb{R}}^ n \)of power \(p\geq \aleph_ 0\) contains a subset of power p, which does not contain a subset similar (in the sense of elementary geometry) to E. He also considers periodic functions with the Baire property.